R s mdma

The analytical standards aspartame, methylparaben, triclocarban, caffeine, carbamazepine, carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide, cotinine, paracetamol, R/S(±)-amphetamine, R/S(±)-atenolol, R/S(±)chlorpheniramine, R/S(±)-citalopram, R/S(±)-fluoxetine, R/S(±)-MDMA, R/S(±)-propranolol and R/S(±)-salbutamol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK) as well as the following labelled surrogate standards: caffeine-13C3, carbamazepine-d10, carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide-d10, cotinine-d3, paracetamol-d4, triclocarban-d3, R/S(±)-amphetamine-d11, R/S(±)-atenolol-d7, R/S(±)-
propranolol-d7 and R/S(±)-salbutamol-d3. Oasis HLB (60mg, 3mL) cartridges for solid phase extraction (SPE) were obtained from Waters (Manchester, UK). HPLC-grade methanol, ammonium acetate and acetic acid were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). Ultra-pure water used throughout the study was of 18.2 MΩ cm -1 quality. For method development and validation, effluent (5 L) was collected from a septic tank which serves 7 inhabitants in Aberdeenshire, North East Scotland. Stream water (10 L) was collected from a tributary of the River Don, Aberdeenshire.

Carbamazepine, Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide, triclocarban, R/S(±)-salbutamol, R/S(±)-propranolol hydrochloride, R/S(±)-atenolol, R/S(±)-amphetamine, R/S(±)-MDMA, R/S(±)-chlorpheniramine maleate and R/S(±)-fluoxetine hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK) (Table S1). The deuterated surrogate standards Carbamazepine-D10, Carbamazepine 10,11 epoxide-D10, triclocarban-D3, R/S(±)-salbutamol-D3, R/S(±)-propranolol-D7 hydrochloride, R/S(±)amphetamine-D11, R/S(±)-MDMA-D5 and R/S(±)-fluoxetine-D6 hydrochloride were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The majority of analyte standards and deuterated standards were purchased as 0.1 or 1 mg mL -1 ampules in methanol. Those purchased as powders were prepared in methanol at 1 mg mL -1 . All solutions were stored in the dark at -20 °C. Methanol, ammonium acetate and acetic acid were HPLC grade and obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Water used throughout the study was of 18.2 MΩ cm -1 quality. Oasis HLB and MCX cartridges (60 mg, 3 mL) were purchased from Waters (Manchester, UK). Enantioselective Chirobiotic V ® and Chirobiotic V2 ® HPLC columns (250 x 2.1 mm; 5 µm) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Agricultural soil was collected from arable farmland in North-East Scotland. The soil in question had not been treated with digested sludge or animal manure in the last 10 years.