Bezafibrate

Cells were maintained in the following culture medium: C2C12 (mouse myoblast, American Type Culture Collection [ATCC], CRL-1772), HeLa S3 (RIKEN BioResource Research Center, RCB1525), HEK293 (human embryonic kidney, ATCC, CRL-1573), HEK293T (ATCC, CRL-3216), A375 (human malignant melanoma, ATCC, CRL-1619), and H2009 (human lung adenocarcinoma, ATCC, CRL-5911) cells were maintained in DMEM, high glucose, GlutaMAX supplement (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 10566016) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS); H2122 (human lung adenocarcinoma, ATCC, CRL-5985), H1944 (human lung adenocarcinoma, ATCC, CRL-5907), and H441 (human lung adenocarcinoma, ATCC, HTB-174) cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A1049101) with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 15140148). All cells were cultured in a humidified incubator under 5% CO₂ at 37°C.
The following compounds were used in this study: ANS (Chem-Impex International), CAP (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation), CHX (Sigma-Aldrich), EME (Cayman Chemical), and bezafibrate (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation).

Cell proliferation assays were performed as described previously [6 (link), 7 (link)] with minor modifications. Briefly, RASMCs were seeded in 12-well tissue culture plates and maintained in complete media with or without 1–1000 nM pemafibrate or 100–500 μM bezafibrate (#022-16091, Fujifilm Wako Chemicals, Osaka, Japan). Cell proliferation was analyzed from 0 to 72 h by cell counting using a hemocytometer.