SiC powder (200–300 mesh with surface area of 0.15 m2 g−1), Pd(NO3)2·2H2O and Bi(NO3)3·5H2O were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co Ltd. SBA-15 and MCM-41 were supplied by Nankai University Catalyst Co Ltd. Other substrates were supplied by Aladdin Reagent Co. Ltd.
All catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES, ICP Thermo IRIS Intrepid II XSP; USA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Escalab 250xi spectrometer, Al Kα, adventitious C 1s line (284.8 eV) as the reference), X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku Uitima IV diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (35 kV and 25 mA); Japan), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4800; Japan) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDX, Oxford; UK), O2-temperature programmed desorption (O2-TPD) measurements were performed on a Quanta chrome ChemBET 3000 (USA) chemisorption apparatus with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI-Tecnai G2 F30; USA). 1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker 400 or a Agilent 400 (100 MHz).
All catalysts were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES, ICP Thermo IRIS Intrepid II XSP; USA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Escalab 250xi spectrometer, Al Kα, adventitious C 1s line (284.8 eV) as the reference), X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku Uitima IV diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (35 kV and 25 mA); Japan), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-4800; Japan) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDX, Oxford; UK), O2-temperature programmed desorption (O2-TPD) measurements were performed on a Quanta chrome ChemBET 3000 (USA) chemisorption apparatus with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI-Tecnai G2 F30; USA). 1H NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker 400 or a Agilent 400 (100 MHz).