Hemostasis was assessed using a standard lancet method (Haemolance Max Flow Plus, HTL-STREFA S.A., Poland). A calibrated sphygmomanometer cuff (Welch Allyn, Buckinghamshire, UK) was inflated around the upper arm to 40 mmHg and three incisions made on the volar aspect of the forearm. Each puncture site was checked for hemostasis every 30 s using filter paper (Whatman Grade 1, GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) until bleeding stopped or 30 min was reached. A mean of bleeding times was calculated. The method was validated in healthy volunteers receiving no medication (n = 5).
Whatman grade 1
Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
Whatman grade 1 is a qualitative filter paper used for general filtration purposes. It is made of cellulose and has a medium particle retention.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
7 protocols using whatman grade 1
1
Standardized Hemostasis Assessment Protocol
2
Dried Plasma Sampling for MS
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For each selected plasma sample, a small 0.05 mL aliquot was removed and applied to triangular paper (Whatman grade 1, GE healthcare, USA, with 1.5 cm sides) left at room temperature (25 °C) until drying. Triangular papers containing small aliquots of blood were positioned in front of the mass spectrometer (at a distance of 4 mm between the tip of the paper and the entrance of the mass spectrometer). The dry paper was held by a metal clip connected to the voltage source of the mass spectrometer, with the tip of the paper at a distance of approximately 5 mm. 10 µL of methanol (0.1% formic acid v/v) was applied to the paper to form the electrospray for MS analysis. Analyzes were performed in triplicate measures.
3
Cryogenic Electron Microscopy of Mammalian Reovirus
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For cryoEM grid preparation, 2.5-μl aliquots of the purified MRV sample were applied to a glow discharged Quantifoil R2/1 300-mesh holey carbon grid (Quantifoil, Micro Tools GmbH), manually blotted with filter paper (Whatman grade 1 from GE Healthcare), and plunged into a 60–40 propane–ethane mixture.
The grids were loaded into a Titan Krios electron microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific) equipped with a Gatan imaging filter (GIF), and cryoEM images were recorded on a post-GIF Gatan K2 Summit direct electron detection camera operated in super-resolution electron-counting mode. The magnification was ×130,000, giving a pixel size of 1.07 Å/pixel at the specimen level. Data collection was facilitated by SerialEM44 (link). The dosage rate was set to 56 electrons/Å2 on the sample level, and the exposure time for each frame was 0.2 s. Targeted under-focus value was 1.8–2.2 µm. In total, 2032 movies were recorded.
The grids were loaded into a Titan Krios electron microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific) equipped with a Gatan imaging filter (GIF), and cryoEM images were recorded on a post-GIF Gatan K2 Summit direct electron detection camera operated in super-resolution electron-counting mode. The magnification was ×130,000, giving a pixel size of 1.07 Å/pixel at the specimen level. Data collection was facilitated by SerialEM44 (link). The dosage rate was set to 56 electrons/Å2 on the sample level, and the exposure time for each frame was 0.2 s. Targeted under-focus value was 1.8–2.2 µm. In total, 2032 movies were recorded.
4
Direct Plasma Analysis by MS
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For each selected plasma sample, a 10 µL aliquot was removed and applied to triangular paper (Whatman grade 1, GE Healthcare, USA, 1.5 cm side) and left at room temperature (25 °C) until dry. The triangular papers containing small aliquots of blood were positioned in front of the mass spectrometer (at 4 mm between the tip of the paper and the inlet of the mass spectrometer). The dry paper was held by a metal clip connected to the voltage source of the mass spectrometer, with the tip of the paper at approximately 5 mm. 10 µL of methanol (0.1% formic acid v/v) was applied to the paper to form the electrospray for MS analysis. The analyzes were performed in triplicate measures.
5
Nanoparticle Visualization by TEM
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The nanoparticles were suspended in absolute ethanol and sonicated for 2 h. The 10 μl sample was dropped onto discharged copper palladium carbon-coated TEM grids and left to dry for 10 min. The excess ethanol was removed carefully using clean filter paper (Whatman grade 1 GE HealthCare UK, Little Chalfont, UK). The prepared TEM grids were visualised using a FEI Tecnai G2 Biotwin Tranmission Electron Microscope (FEI Cambridge, UK) at 80kv voltage. Micrographs were obtained using a Gatan Orius 1000B digital camera and software suite (Gatan Ltd, Corby UK).
6
Measuring pH of Meat Batters and Products
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Samples of raw batters and cooked products from each treatment were finely chopped using a food processor, as done for the proximate composition measurements. Ten grams of each sample were weighed into a beaker, and 90 mL of ambient-temperature distilled water were added. The meat and water were mixed thoroughly by hand with a glass stirring rod for 1 min, after which a filter paper disc (Whatman Grade 1, GE Health Care Life Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA) was folded and submerged into the sample. The pH of the filtered solution was measured with a Mettler Toledo SevenMulti pH meter (Mettler Toledo, Columbus, OH). Duplicate measurements of raw batters were done on the day of production, whereas the cooked products were measured in duplicate on day 14 following thermal processing and chilling of the products. The pH of some of the nonmeat ingredients included in the formulations was measured by first dispersing 5 g of each ingredient in 90 mL of distilled water, then measuring the pH as described previously.
7
Paper-based Microfluidic Device for Colorimetric Analysis
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A schematic outline of a single device consisting of three square areas for filtration (D), sample application (A), pH adjustment (B), and colorimetric signal detection (C) connected by two channels is shown in Fig. 1. First, filter paper (Whatman grade 1, GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, UK) was cut into A4 size, then fed into the wax printer to fabricate the microfluidic pattern. The pattern was designed with Microsoft PowerPoint and printed on the topside of the filter paper. After printing, the paper was heated on a hot plate (NHS-450ND, Nissin Co., Tokyo, Japan) for 1 min to let the wax diffuse into the thickness of the paper. Afterward by using a hot laminator (QHE325, Meikoshokai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), the backside of the paper was covered with a hot lamination film (150 μm thickness). Before the inkjet printing step, the laminated paper was cut to A4 size again to allow it to pass through the paper feeding mechanism of the inkjet printer. Then, PVA solution was deposited on the entire hydrophilic area in 19 printing cycles, followed by 11 printing cycles of NaOH solution into the second square area (B) and finally 11 and 19 printing cycles of NH 3 and AgNO 3 solutions, respectively, into sensing area (C). As the final step, the on-device titration unit (Fig. 1b) was mounted on top of the paper.
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