Zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl formamide (DMF), 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF), sodium 2-mercaptoacetate and 1-pentanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Methanol, Dichloromethane and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (DBU) was also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Milipore water was obtained from the Merck Millipore water system (WP612250). Commercially obtained human malignant melanoma A375 cells (Cellonex, 0012300) were cultivated in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) enriched with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), 0.1% of Amphotericin-β and Penicillin-Streptomycin. The cells were grown in T175 culture flask and maintained with 37 °C, 5% CO2 and 85% humidity. At around 80–90% confluency the cells were harvested and transferred into the 3.5 cm2 cell culture dishes at a density of 250 × 105 cells/3 mL of complete media. Prior to experimentation, the cells were incubated overnight to allow cellular attachment. Commercially available 10 mg/mL of Cannabidiol (CBD) (Sigma-Aldrich, 90899-1 mL, St. Louis, MI, USA) with a molar mass of 314.46 g/mol was solubilized in 1 mL of 99.8% ethanol. Before use, CBD was further diluted to a stock concentration of 0.5 mg/mL with 19 mL of 99.8% ethanol.
Cannabidiol
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Italy
Cannabidiol is a laboratory-grade chemical compound extracted from the cannabis plant. It is a non-psychoactive molecule that is commonly used in scientific research and analysis. The core function of cannabidiol is to serve as a reference standard or analytical tool for the identification and quantification of this compound in various samples.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Cannabichromene, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Cannabinol, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol, by Merck Group (8 mentions)
Cannabigerol, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Cannabidiolic acid, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Cannabidivarin, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
δ8 tetrahydrocannabinol, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Alamar blue, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Paclitaxel, by Teva Pharmaceuticals (3 mentions)
Capsaicin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Cannabigerolic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Capsazepine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gapdh, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (2 mentions)
Cannabinol d3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
32 protocols using cannabidiol
1
Cytotoxic Effects of Cannabidiol on Melanoma Cells
2
TRAIL-induced Apoptosis Regulation Mechanisms
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Cannabidiol and VAS2870 were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). TRAIL and anti-DR5 were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Anti-Bak, anti-Bcl-2, anti-Mcl-1, anti-Bcl-xL, and anti-DR4 antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-XIAP, anti-NOXA, anti-BIM, anti-survivin, anti-Bid, anti-IRE1α, anti-phospho-IRE1α, anti-Bip, anti-GRP94, anti-ATF6, anti-eIF2α, anti-phospho-eIF2α, anti-CHOP, anti-cleaved PARP, anti-caspase-3, and anti-caspase-9 antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). The anti-actin antibody was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). For the secondary antibodies, anti-mouse IgG horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and anti-rabbit IgG HRP were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology.
3
Aggressive Cell Line Comparative Study
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An aggressive HeLa, a metastatic ME-180 and a primary SiHa cell lines were purchased from ATCC (USA, MD). Camptothecin was supplied by Calbiochem® and cannabidiol was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as a standard reference.
4
Evaluation of Cannabinoid Compounds
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General chemicals were from VWR (West Chester, PA) and Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). PMA and Ionomycin were from Calbiochem (Gibbstown, NJ). IgE anti-DNP is from Sigma and KLH-DNP was from Calbiochem. Capsaicin and Capsazepine were from Sigma Aldrich. Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabichromene (CBC), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabigerolic Acid (CBGA), Cannabinol (CBN) were from Sigma Aldrich.
5
Cannabinoid Compound Preparation
6
Cannabinoid Quantification and Antioxidant Analysis
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Standard solutions of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), and cannabinol (CBN) and cannabichromene (CBC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Formic acid (HCOOH), acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH) HPLC grade were purchased from Merck (Germany). Reagents for radical scavenging activity measurement (DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazil) and determination for phenolic content (Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, Na2CO3, gallic acid) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany).
7
Cannabinoid Compound Preparation Protocol
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Drugs, cannabidiol (CBD), and Δ9-THC (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were prediluted in 99.8% methanol at a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. Detergent, Triton™ X-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was diluted to a working concentration of 10 mM with distilled water from a stock solution.
8
Evaluating Everolimus Efficacy in Tumor Cells
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The cell lines were cultured following standard protocols and cellular viability was evaluated by performing methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT, Sigma-Aldrich) assays. Everolimus was purchased from Selleck Chemicals and the inhibitors of ID1 expression or stability (apigenin, C527, and cannabidiol) from Sigma-Aldrich. The results correspond to two independent assays for each compound and to triplicates for each data point. Given the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and the maximal response to Everolimus in Tsc2-/-/Tp53-/- murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and Tsc2-deficient Eker rat leiomyoma (ELT3) cells, these cells were exposed to 1 and 100 μM of the rapalog, respectively.
9
Cannabinoids and Sesquiterpenes Characterization
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The chemicals β-caryophyllene (≥98.5% purity), β-caryophyllene oxide (≥99% purity), α-humulene (≥96.0% purity), cannabidiol (CBD, ≥99.0% purity), cannabichromene (CBC, ≥99.0% purity), 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT, ≥97.5% purity) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Co (St. Louis, MO, USA), while AM281 (≥98.0% purity) and AM630 (≥98.0% purity) from Tocris bioscience (Bristol, UK). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) was provided by Aurogene (Rome, Italy).
To perform the experiments, all the solutions were prepared in the appropriate solvent, sterilized, and stored at the recommended temperature for a conservation time. Nonintoxicating phytocannabinoids (i.e., cannabidiol and cannabichromene) and caryophyllane sesquiterpenes (i.e., β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, and α-humulene) were dissolved in EtOH 100% v/v, while the CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists (i.e., AM281 and AM630) in DMSO 100% v/v. EtOH and DMSO were used at a maximum concentration of 1% v/v in cell medium to avoid any cytotoxicity.
To perform the experiments, all the solutions were prepared in the appropriate solvent, sterilized, and stored at the recommended temperature for a conservation time. Nonintoxicating phytocannabinoids (i.e., cannabidiol and cannabichromene) and caryophyllane sesquiterpenes (i.e., β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, and α-humulene) were dissolved in EtOH 100% v/v, while the CB1 and CB2 receptor antagonists (i.e., AM281 and AM630) in DMSO 100% v/v. EtOH and DMSO were used at a maximum concentration of 1% v/v in cell medium to avoid any cytotoxicity.
10
Lipid-based Nanoparticle Characterization Protocol
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Tetracycline (TET), berberine (BB), kanamycin, ampicillin, doxycycline, oxyTetracycline, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, lincomycin, baicalin, capsicine, betaine, cannabidiol, glycine, gluutamine, tyrosine, ascorbic, Dulbecco's PBS (DPBS), thioflavin T (ThT), acetonitrile, trichloromethane, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and cholesterol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). All chemical reagents were analytical grade and were used as received without further purification. The ultrapure water (UP) used throughout all experiments was purified by a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). The raw liquid milk was purchased from the local pasture. 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde, Hoechst 33342 and DiD dye were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China).
High-performance liquid chromatography purified oligonucleotides (ODNs) were purchased from Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology & Services (Shanghai, China), and used without additional purification (SeeSupplementary Table S1 for details of DNA sequences used). Each sequence was diluted in UP into 100 μmol l−1. For better formation of secondary conformation, sequences were heated to 95 °C for 5 min and colded to room temperature overnight, and was stored at −20 °C before use.
High-performance liquid chromatography purified oligonucleotides (ODNs) were purchased from Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology & Services (Shanghai, China), and used without additional purification (See
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