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17 protocols using dibutylphthalate polystyrene xylene (dpx)

1

Comprehensive Spectroscopic Analysis of Small Molecules

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1H-, 13C-, and 31P-NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker DPX or Bruker AV NMR spectrometers operating at 400, 101, and 162 MHz, respectively. Small molecules were analyzed using a Waters TQD mass spectrometer equipped with a triple quadrupole analyzer. Samples were introduced to the mass spectrometer via an Acquity UltraPerformance Convergence Chromatography (UPC2) system, including a UPC2 Waters HSS C18 SB column (100 mm × 3.0 mm × 1.8 μm) gradient 90% CO2:10% methanol modifier (25 mM ammonium acetate) to 60% CO2:40% methanol modifier (25 mM ammonium acetate) in 3 min at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The makeup flow (methanol/1% formic acid) was pumped at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min into the mass spectrometer. Mass spectra were recorded using positive ion electrospray ionization.
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2

Synthetic Protocols for Pyrazole and Formimidamide Derivatives

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Melting points were determined with a Sanyo (Gallenkamp)
instrument.
Infrared spectra were recorded using KBr pellets and a Jasco FT-IR
6300 instrument, and νmax was recorded in cm–1. 1H, and 13C NMR spectra were
evaluated with a Bruker DPX instrument at 600 MHz for 1H NMR and 100 MHz for 13C NMR and DMSO-d6 as a solvent, with TMS as an internal standard. Chemical
shifts are reported in d (parts per million). Mass
spectra were measured using a GCeMS DFS Thermo spectrometer in the
EI (70 eV) mode. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was
made on the Rigaku R-AXIS RAPID diffractometer using filtered Mo Kα
radiation at −123 °C. The structure was solved by direct
methods, and the structure refinement was performed by SHELXL 2017/1.
All nonhydrogen atoms were refined anisotropically. The hydrogen atoms
were placed at calculated positions and refined using a riding model.
All solids were crystallized using the appropriate solvent (15.0 mL)
described in the experimental part, and the solids were heated at
60–65 °C (ethanol or ethanol/water) or at 35–40
°C (acetone) until they dissolved followed by filtering while
hot and then cooling. The 5-amino-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile 8(15 (link)) and N′,N″-(1,4-phenylene)-bis(N,N-dimethylformimidamide) 2 were prepared following
previously reported procedures.19 (link)
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3

Structural Characterization and Docking of C35 with PVY CP

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All the chemical precursor materials used in the production of this article came from official sources. The melting points of all the target compounds were determined using an XGE X−4B micro melting point apparatus (Shanghai Yidian Physical Optics Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). To identify the molecular structures, nuclear magnetic resonance NMR analyses were conducted using DMSO-d6 or CDCl3 as a solvent and a Bruker DPX instrument (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany) that was operated at a 400 or 500 MHz magnetic field strength. Then, a Thermo Scientific Q Exactive (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) measurements were carried out. A 3D-QSAR model formulation was fulfilled utilizing SYBYL−2.0. In the experimental investigation, the software DISCOVERY STUDIO 4.5 (DS 4.5) was employed to execute the molecular docking of C35 and PVY CP.
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4

NMR Spectroscopy Protocol

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1H and 13CNMR spectra were collected on a Bruker DPX operating at 300 MHz using TMS as an internal standard.
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5

Characterization of Synthesized Compounds

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The melting points of the compounds were determined using an electric melting point apparatus (Toshniwal Pvt. Ltd., India) and the values were uncorrected. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique on silica gel-GF254 coated plates (Merck, Germany) is used for purity checking. Spots of TLC were recognized by iodine chamber. The ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectra of all the compounds were obtained at 200–400 nm using a double beam Shimadzu UV 1800 spectrophotometer at a concentration of 50 μg dissolved in methanol. The infrared (IR) spectra of synthesized compounds were recorded on a Thermo Nicolet Nexus 670-FTIR using KBr disc method with minimum forty scans. 1H-NMR spectra were obtained on Bruker UX-NMR instrument at 300 MHz, using tetramethylsilane as an internal standard and CDCl3 as a solvent, and chemical shift values were expressed in δ ppm. 13C NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker DPX at 300 Hz. The mass spectra were recorded on MASPEC (MSW/9629), and values were expressed as %relative abundance. Elemental analyses for synthesized compounds were carried over Perkin Elmer 240 CHN analyzer.
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6

Analytical Techniques for Compound Characterization

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Ultraviolet (UV) and Mass spectra were taken on a DU® 7400 spectrophotometer (Beckman, München, Germany) and mass spectrometer (Thermo Quest Finnigan, San Jose, CA, USA) respectively. 1H and 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on Ultrashield 400 MHz and 100 MHz spectrometer respectively (Bruker DPX, Faellanden, Germany). High performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis for compound analysis was carried out on Novapak C18 column (5 µm, 4.6 x 250 mm). Ultracentrifuge (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), CO2 incubator (WTC Binder, Tuttlingen, Germany), Biosafety cabinet (Clean air, Chennai, India), autopipettes, ELISA plate reader (Labsystems, Helsinki, Finland) and Neubauer chamber (HBG, Gießen, Germany) were used for the cell culture. All extracts and fractions were concentrated using a vacuum rotary evaporator (Buchi R-210, Flawil, Switzerland).
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7

NMR Analysis of Polysaccharide Sample

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The dried polysaccharide sample (45 mg) was weighed, dissolved with 550 μL D2O (99.9 %), and transferred to a nuclear magnetic tube. 1D NMR (1H NMR, 13C NMR, DTPT-135°) and 2D NMR (1H–1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY, TOCSY) spectra at room temperature were recorded by Bruker DPX.
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8

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Privileged Scaffolds

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All chemicals were purchased from Aldrich or Merck Companies. The 1H NMR (600 MHz) and 13C NMR (150 MHz) were run in a Bruker DPX instrument (δ ppm). Mass spectra were measured by using VG Autospec Q MS 30 and MS 9 (AEI) spectrometer, with EI (70 eV) mode. Melting points were recorded in a Gallenkamp melting point apparatus and are uncorrected. X-ray crystallographic structure determinations were performed by using Rigaku Rapid II and Bruker X8 Prospector single crystal X-ray diffractometers. The X-ray crystal structure data can be obtained free of charge from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk CCDC1961565 for compound 4i. All reactions were monitored by TLC with 1:1 ethyl acetate/petroleum ether as eluent and were carried out until starting materials were completely consumed. After 7 min microwave irradiation was stopped and the reaction mixture was analyzed by TLC; after further irradiation of 5 min the reaction was complete (total reaction time 12 min).
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9

NMR Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis

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1H and 13C solution
spectra were collected on a Bruker DPX operating at 300 MHz using
tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard.
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10

Characterization of Organic Compounds

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All commercially available chemicals were purchased from Merck Company (Germany) and used without further purification. IR spectra were recorded from KBr disk using a FT-IR Bruker Tensor 27 instrument (USA). Melting points measured by using the capillary tube method with an electro thermal 9200 apparatus (Bibby Scientific Limited, Staffordshire, UK) are uncorrected. The 1H NMR (250 MHz) and 13C NMR (125 MHz) were run on a Bruker DPX (USA) at 250 MHz in CDCl3 and 125 MHz in D2O using tetramethylsilane as internal standard. GC-Mass analysis was performed on a GC-Mass model: 5973 network mass selective detector, GC 6890 Agilent Technologies (USA).
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