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8 protocols using sw1353

1

Chondrosarcoma Cell Line Culture

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The human chondrosarcoma cell line SW 1353 was acquired from the American Type Culture Collection (HTB-94, ATCC Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (12800-058 GIBCO, Auckland NZ) supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) (S1560-500 Biowest, Riverside, MO, USA) and 1 % penicillin-streptomycin (15240-062 GIBCO, NY, USA) in a humidified incubator at 37 °C and 5 % CO2. Once SW 1353 cells reached a confluency of about 80 %, they were trypsinized and cultured in flasks according to the experiment: 1 × 104 cells in 96-well culture plates for proliferation assays; 2.1 × 106 cells in T75 flasks for Western Blot (WB); 2.5 × 105 cells in 6-well culture plates for semi-quantitative RT-PCR. All experiments were performed at least in triplicate, culturing SW 1353 cells in three different conditions: in supplemented medium (supplied), without FBS (starvation), or without FBS adding L-β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) (Sigma-Aldrich, Toluca, Mexico) at concentrations of 10 or 25 mM, for 12, 24, or 48 h.
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2

Engineered Glioblastoma TICs and Xenografts

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Glioblastoma TICs and xenografts were generated from patient tumors as previously described (Wakimoto et al., 2009 (link); Wakimoto et al., 2014 (link)). IDH1R132H overexpressing GBM TIC (MGG18-IDH1-R132H) was generated using pLenti3.3/TR or pLenti6.3/TO/V5 containing IDH1R132H, pCMV-dr8.2-dvpr and pCMV-VSVG (ViraPower HiPerform T-Rex Gateway Expression System, Invitrogen). The Naprt1 overexpressing IDH1 mutant GBM TIC (MGG152-Naprt1) was generated using CCSB-Broad LentiORF-NAPRT Clone (GE Dharmacon), pCMV-dr8.2-dvpr and pCMV-VSVG. Cell lines were obtained from ATCC (BT142, HT1080, U87, SW1353), Sigma-Aldrich (A431), Horizon Discovery (HCT116, MCF10A) and ScienCell (NHA). 30T and UACC257 were provided by Y.S. Chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (FK866, GMX1778, NMN, NAD+, NA, decitabine, azacytidine, and 3-MA), or Cayman (GMX1778). For long-term IDH1i exposure, IDH1i (5 μM) or DMSO (0.1%) was added to the media 2–3 times per week.
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3

Chondrosarcoma and Monocyte Cell Assays

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SW1353 human chondrosarcoma and THP-1 human monocytic cell lines were procured from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA). SW1353 and THP-1 cells were grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). PromoCell (Heidelberg, Germany) was the source of human primary chondrocyte (HCH) cells and the chondrocyte growth medium. The experiments in the present study utilized the cultured chondrocytes of passage numbers between five and eight. The cells were passaged at about 80% confluence.
TNF-α, LTB4 ELISA kits, and TACS XTT Cell Proliferation kit were procured from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). PGE2 ELISA kit was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Corning “V” bottom culture plates, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1,9-Dimethylmethylene Blue zinc chloride double salt (DMMB), Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli O55: B5 (LPS), A23187, and remaining analytical grade reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Alexafluor® 647 tagged mouse anti-human SOX-9 antibody; True Nuclear Transcription factor buffer set was procured from BD PharmingenTM (Franklin Lakes, NJ).
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4

Skin and Arthritis Cell Models

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Normal dermal fibroblast cell line (BJ, CRL-2522) and chondrosarcoma cell line (SW1353, HTB-94) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection. Dermal fibroblasts have been previously used in investigations of borrelial infection (Georgilis et al., 1992 (link)). Furthermore, the use of chondrosarcoma cells in osteoarthritis research is well documented (Chen et al., 2017 (link); Liu et al., 2017 (link)). Therefore, these cell lines, BJ and SW1353, were utilized for their relevance as a disease-related model for skin manifestations and arthritis, respectively. The SW1353 cells were grown at +37°C with 100% air in Leibovitz’s L-15 media (Sigma), while the BJ cells were at +37°C, 5% CO2 in Eagle’s minimum essential media (Sigma) as instructed by the manufacturers. Both media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco), 2 mM L-glutamine (Gibco), and 100 IU/ml penicillin/0.2 mg/ml streptomycin (Gibco) antibiotic cocktail. Sodium pyruvate (1 mM, Gibco) was also added to the BJ media.
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5

Culturing Human Chondrocytes and Cell Lines

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Human CS cell line (SW1353) was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection. Primary HACs were separated from normal cartilage of non-osteoarthritic joints at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital with informed consent and local ethical committee approval (Ethic approval no. ORT-11-09-16A-14). SW1353 and HAC cells were cultured in DMEM (Sigma) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Sigma), penicillin (100 U/mL) (Sigma), streptomycin (100 μg/mL) (Sigma), and L-glutamine (2 mM) (Sigma), and maintained in a humidified atmosphere of 37°C in a 5% CO2. HAC cells were used for up to four passages.
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6

Modulating HOTAIR expression in chondrosarcoma

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Human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Cells were grown in maintenance medium consisting of DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .
To silence HOTAIR function, SW1353 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides targeting HOTAIR or the negative control (50 nM), using Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX (Invitrogen, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The gene-specific siRNA is siHOTAIR (5'-GAACGGGAGUACAGAGAGAUU-3'). Transfected cells were kept in maintenance medium for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
To overexpress HOTAIR in SW1353 cells, a HOTAIR expression retrovirus vector was constructed. Full-length HOTAIR was amplified by PCR and cloned into the pBABE retroviral vector (Cell Biolabs, USA) using the primers 5'-GACTCGCCTGTGCTCTGGAGCT-3' and 5'-TTGAAAATGCATCCAGATTTTT-3'. SW1353 cells were infected with retrovirus containing HOTAIR or negative control (vector) in the presence of 10 μg/mL polybrene (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). The supernatant was removed after 24 hours and replaced with maintenance medium containing 1μg/mL puromycin. Cells were cultured for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
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7

Modulation of HOTAIR in Chondrosarcoma

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Human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Cells were grown in maintenance medium consisting of DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .
To silence HOTAIR function, SW1353 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides targeting HOTAIR or the negative control (50 nM), using Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX (Invitrogen, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The gene-speci c siRNA is siHOTAIR (5'-GAACGGGAGUACAGAGAGAUU-3'). Transfected cells were kept in maintenance medium for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
To overexpress HOTAIR in SW1353 cells, a HOTAIR expression retrovirus vector was constructed. Fulllength HOTAIR was ampli ed by PCR and cloned into the pBABE retroviral vector (Cell Biolabs, USA) using the primers 5'-GACTCGCCTGTGCTCTGGAGCT-3' and 5'-TTGAAAATGCATCCAGATTTTT-3'. SW1353 cells were infected with retrovirus containing HOTAIR or negative control (vector) in the presence of 10 μg/mL polybrene (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). The supernatant was removed after 24 hours and replaced with maintenance medium containing 1μg/mL puromycin. Cells were cultured for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
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8

Modulation of HOTAIR Expression in Human Chondrosarcoma

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Human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATTC). Cells were grown in maintenance medium consisting of DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS at 37 °C with 5% CO 2 .
To silence HOTAIR function, SW1353 cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides targeting HOTAIR or the negative control (50 nM), using Lipofectamine™ RNAiMAX (Invitrogen, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The gene-speci c siRNA is siHOTAIR (5'-GAACGGGAGUACAGAGAGAUU-3'). Transfected cells were kept in maintenance medium for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
To overexpress HOTAIR in SW1353 cells, a HOTAIR expression retrovirus vector was constructed. Fulllength HOTAIR was ampli ed by PCR and cloned into the pBABE retroviral vector (Cell Biolabs, USA) using the primers 5'-GACTCGCCTGTGCTCTGGAGCT-3' and 5'-TTGAAAATGCATCCAGATTTTT-3'. SW1353 cells were infected with retrovirus containing HOTAIR or negative control (vector) in the presence of 10 µg/mL polybrene (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). The supernatant was removed after 24 hours and replaced with maintenance medium containing 1 µg/mL puromycin. Cells were cultured for 48 hours prior to further analyses.
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