Cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3 · 6H2O, 99.99%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar Company. Palladium nitrate dihydrate (Pd(NO3)2 · 2H2O, Analytical reagent, Pd ≥ 39.5%) and MnO2 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Limited corporation. Hydrogen hexachloroiridate (IV) hexahydrate (H2IrCl6.6H2O, Ir≥ 35.02%) was purchased from Kunming Guiyan New Materials Technology Company Limited. Water−18O (97 atom% 18O) was obtained from Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Limited corporation. Paraformaldehyde (Extra pure, 96%) was obtained from J&K Scientific Limited corporation. Aluminum oxide (γ-Al2O3, 99.99%) was purchased from Aladdin Company. All the reagents were used without further pretreatment.
Cerium 3 nitrate hexahydrate
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Cameroon
Cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate is a chemical compound with the formula Ce(NO3)3·6H2O. It is a crystalline solid that is used as a laboratory reagent.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ammonium hydroxide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Hydrazine hydrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Manganese 2 nitrate tetrahydrate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Ammonium hydroxide solution, by Honeywell (2 mentions)
Cobalt 2 nitrate hexahydrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 propanol, by Carl Roth (1 mentions)
Vulcan carbon xc 72r, by Cabot (1 mentions)
Isopropyl alcohol, by Carl Roth (1 mentions)
Vulcan xc 72r, by Cabot (1 mentions)
Propylene carbonate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Pvdf hfp, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nabf4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tbabf4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bmim bf4, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using cerium 3 nitrate hexahydrate
1
Cerium-Palladium-Iridium Oxide Catalyst Synthesis
2
Synthesis of Cerium-based Phosphate Compounds
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Calcium nitrate tetrahyrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), cerium-(III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, 99.0%, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA), ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate ((NH4)2Ce(NO3)6, 98.0%, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA), ammonium phosphate dibasic [(NH4)2HPO4, 99.0%, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA), ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH, 25% solution, Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, MA, USA) were of analytical grade and used without further purification. The experiments were performed in deionized water.
3
Electrochemical Material Synthesis Protocols
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The following chemicals were used for material
preparation and electrochemical analysis: graphite (Timrex KS44; Imreys,
Bodio, Switzerland), carbon black (Vulcan carbon XC72R; Cabot Corp.,
Boston, Massachusetts), hydrazine hydrate (reagent grade; Sigma-Aldrich,
Darmstadt, Germany), cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate (99.999% trace
metals basis; Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), zinc(II) nitrate
hexahydrate (>99%; Honeywell Fluka, Charlotte, North Carolina),
cerium(III)
nitrate hexahydrate (99.5%; Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, Massachusetts),
manganese(II) nitrate tetrahydrate (98%; Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, Massachusetts),
ammonium hydroxide solution (30–33%; Honeywell, Charlotte,
North Carolina), 2-propanol (≥99.9%, UV/IR-grade; Carl Roth,
Karlsruhe, Germany), potassium hydroxide (1.0 M Fixanal 1 L Ampoule;
Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), ethanol (99.9% p.a.; Carl Roth, Karlsruhe,
Germany), Nafion solution (5 wt % in water; Quintech, Göppingen,
Germany), alumina suspension (0.05 μm; MasterPrep Bühler,
Lake Bluff, Illinois), and Pt/C (30 wt % on Vulcan; De Nora North
America, New Jersey). Ultrapure water (∼18 MΩ cm) was
used in all experiments.
preparation and electrochemical analysis: graphite (Timrex KS44; Imreys,
Bodio, Switzerland), carbon black (Vulcan carbon XC72R; Cabot Corp.,
Boston, Massachusetts), hydrazine hydrate (reagent grade; Sigma-Aldrich,
Darmstadt, Germany), cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate (99.999% trace
metals basis; Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), zinc(II) nitrate
hexahydrate (>99%; Honeywell Fluka, Charlotte, North Carolina),
cerium(III)
nitrate hexahydrate (99.5%; Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, Massachusetts),
manganese(II) nitrate tetrahydrate (98%; Alfa Aesar, Haverhill, Massachusetts),
ammonium hydroxide solution (30–33%; Honeywell, Charlotte,
North Carolina), 2-propanol (≥99.9%, UV/IR-grade; Carl Roth,
Karlsruhe, Germany), potassium hydroxide (1.0 M Fixanal 1 L Ampoule;
Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), ethanol (99.9% p.a.; Carl Roth, Karlsruhe,
Germany), Nafion solution (5 wt % in water; Quintech, Göppingen,
Germany), alumina suspension (0.05 μm; MasterPrep Bühler,
Lake Bluff, Illinois), and Pt/C (30 wt % on Vulcan; De Nora North
America, New Jersey). Ultrapure water (∼18 MΩ cm) was
used in all experiments.
4
Graphene Oxide Synthesis from Graphite
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Graphite (Timrex KS44), as the precursor for graphene oxide (GO) synthesis, was obtained from Imerys and carbon black (Vulcan XC72R) from Cabot Corp. was used. Hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O, reagent grade), potassium hydroxide (KOH, 1.0 M Fixanal 1 L Ampoule) and cobalt(ii ) nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O, 99.999% trace metals basis) were supplied by Sigma Aldrich. Cerium(iii ) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3·6H2O, 99.5%) and manganese(ii ) nitrate tetrahydrate (Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, 98%) were delivered by Alfa Aesar. Ammonium hydroxide solution (30–33% NH3 in H2O) from Honeywell was used. Isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol, ≥99.9%, UV/IR-grade) and ethanol (EtOH, 99.9% p.a.) were purchased from Carl Roth. Nafion® solution (5 wt% in H2O) and a commercial carbon black supported platinum catalyst (Pt/C, 20 wt% on Vulcan) were supplied by Quintech. An alumina suspension (Al2O3, 0.05 μm particle size) from MasterPrep® Bühler served as RDE polishing agent. The ultrapure water used throughout all experiments was purified with a Barnstead NANOpureWater Purification system to the desired resistivity of approx. 18 MΩ cm.
5
Electrochromic Device Synthesis Protocol
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Cerium(III)
nitrate hexahydrate (≥99.9%, Alfa Aesar), ammonium hydroxide
(28–30%, J.T. Baker), acetone (≥99.5%, J.T. Baker),
poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)
(PVDF-HFP; Sigma-Aldrich), sodium hydroxide (≥97.0%, Sigma-Aldrich),
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4;
≥98.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF; ≥99.8%, Macron Fine Chemicals) were
long-placed in a vacuum before use. Reagents for the preparation of
the electrolyte solution were used as received and include tetrabutylammonium
tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4; 99%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium
tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4; 98%, Sigma-Aldrich), propylene
carbonate (PC; 99%, Alfa Aesar), and ferrocene (Fc; >98%, TCI Co.).
As-obtained benzyl viologen dichloride (BzVCl2; 99%, Sigma-Aldrich)
was used as a precursor for the synthesis of electrochromic species.
Pure water of 18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C (Merck Millipore
SIMSVO1JP) was utilized for synthesis purposes and elsewhere. Indium
tin oxide (ITO) coated on glass (7 Ω/sq., Solaronix SA Inc.)
and PET (40 Ω/sq., Southwall Europe GmbH) substrate were utilized
as a terminal electrode during the ECD fabrication.
nitrate hexahydrate (≥99.9%, Alfa Aesar), ammonium hydroxide
(28–30%, J.T. Baker), acetone (≥99.5%, J.T. Baker),
poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)
(PVDF-HFP; Sigma-Aldrich), sodium hydroxide (≥97.0%, Sigma-Aldrich),
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4;
≥98.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF; ≥99.8%, Macron Fine Chemicals) were
long-placed in a vacuum before use. Reagents for the preparation of
the electrolyte solution were used as received and include tetrabutylammonium
tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4; 99%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium
tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4; 98%, Sigma-Aldrich), propylene
carbonate (PC; 99%, Alfa Aesar), and ferrocene (Fc; >98%, TCI Co.).
As-obtained benzyl viologen dichloride (BzVCl2; 99%, Sigma-Aldrich)
was used as a precursor for the synthesis of electrochromic species.
Pure water of 18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C (Merck Millipore
SIMSVO1JP) was utilized for synthesis purposes and elsewhere. Indium
tin oxide (ITO) coated on glass (7 Ω/sq., Solaronix SA Inc.)
and PET (40 Ω/sq., Southwall Europe GmbH) substrate were utilized
as a terminal electrode during the ECD fabrication.
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