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4 protocols using cd8 antibody

1

Standardized Pathological Assessment of Pancreatic Tumor

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All specimens were analyzed by two pathologists, one with 30 and the other with 20 years of experience in pancreatic pathology. Pathological examination and analysis were standardized as described previously (23 ). A CD8 antibody (DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) was used in pathological examinations. Each CD8-stained section was converted to digital pathological images by the scanner (NanoZoomer S60, Hamamatsu Healthcare, Japanese). The tumor boundaries were manually delineated, after which a customizable digital microscopy analysis platform (Visiopharm, Hørsholm, Denmark) was used to quantify CD8 in the tumor. The two pathologists examined the results, and the outcomes were determined by consensus. Subsequently, the proportion of the area of CD8 was calculated in the tumor. All pathologic results for the following factors were recorded: (1) T and N stages, which were evaluated based on the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Staging Manual, 8th Edition (24 (link)); (2) grade of differentiation; (3) duodenal invasion; (4) common bile duct invasion; (5) lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI); and (6) peripancreatic nerve.
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2

Murine and Human Tissue Immunohistochemistry

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Tissues harvested from mice were placed in 4% formalin, followed by 70% alcohol and PBS before embedding. Tissues were then embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Tissue sections were evaluated by a board-certified pathologist (M.C.). Images were visualized using an Olympus Vanox AHBS3 microscope with an Olympus SPlan Apo × 20/ 0.70 NA objective (Olympus, Woodbury, NY). A diagnostic instrument spot RT color digital camera utilizing Spot software version 4.0.2 was used to acquire the images (Diagnostic Instruments, Sterling Heights, MI). Murine immunohistochemistry was performed as previously described (DuPage et al., 2011 (link)). Tumor tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, processed, embedded in paraffin, then cut into 5 mm sections. Paraffin sections were blocked with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution (Sigma Cat H1009), vector streptavidin/biotin (Vector Laboratories cat. SP-2002), and CAS-Block protein block (ThermoFisher Cat. 008120), then stained with CD8 antibody (Biorbyt Cat orb10325). For human immunohistochemistry, blocks were obtained from clinical trials and cut into different sections. Sections were then duo-stained with CD8 antibody (Dako Cat. M7103) and MART-1 antibody (Novus Biotechne Cat. NBP1–30151) using the Envision G2 Doublestain Kit (Dako Cat. K5361).
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3

Quantifying CD8+ T-cell Density in Tissue Sections

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Immunohistochemistry was performed on a robotic platform (Ventana discover Ultra Staining Module, Ventana, Tucson, Arizona, USA). Tissue sections (4 µm) were deparaffinized using EZ Prep solution (Ventana). A heat-induced antigen retrieval protocol set for 64 min was carried out using Cell Conditioner 1 (Ventana). Endogenous peroxidases were blocked with peroxidase inhibitor (CM1) for 8 min before incubating the section with CD8 antibody (Dako, Cat#M7103) at 1:400 dilution for 60 min at room temperature. Antigen-antibody complex was then detected using DISC. OmniMap antimouse multimer RUO detection system and DISCOVERY ChromoMap DAB Kit (Ventana). All the slides were counterstained with hematoxylin and then dehydrated, cleared and mounted for assessment. The slides were then visually assessed by microscopy and the CD8+ T-cell density was defined as the number of CD8+ cells/HPF present within the dermis and epidermis.
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4

Quantifying Tumor mCherry Expression in Mice

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Tumor from mice were harvested and placed into 10% neutral buffered formalin (Cellpath). mCherry staining and quantification were performed by UCL Pathology. In brief, deparaffinized hydrated tissue sections underwent antigen unmasking in Tris–EDTA pH 9 (Dako) at high pressure in a pressure cooker for 8 min. After washing and quenching, sections were blocked in 2.5% Horse Serum (Vector ImmPRESS Kit) for 20 min at room temperature. Incubation with primary antibody anti-mCherry (Abcam, ab167453, 1 µg/ml) was for 60 min at room temperature, secondary antibody (anti-Rabbit IgG Polymer Detection Kit, MP-7401, Vector Laboratories) for 30 min at room temperature and DAB + substrate/chromagen (Dako) for 5 min at room temperature prior to counterstaining and mounting.
Slides were scanned in the Hamamatsu NanoZoomer S210 Digital slide scanner. The image analysis has been performed on the whole section with the positive cell counting algorithm from QuPath image analysis software.
Fixation, embedding and CD8 staining were performed at the UCL Institute of Neurology, using the Ventana Discovery XT instrument and Ventana DAB Map detection Kit (760-124). For pre-treatment, Ventana CC1 (950-124) was used. The CD8 antibody (Dako M7103) was used at 1:100 dilution for 1 h before Rabbit anti-murine secondary antibody (Dako E0354) was used.
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