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41 protocols using ab150074

1

Immunofluorescence Staining of COUP TF1 and Ki67

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Cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde (BioSharp, Hefei, China) for 10 min at room temperature. Cells were then permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 (BioSharp, Hefei, China) for 2 min and treated with a blocking serum (Solarbio, Beijing, China) for more than 5 h. Primary antibody, anti-COUP TF1 (sc-74560, 1:50, Santa Cruz, TX, USA), and anti-Ki67 (ab15580, 1:200, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) were incubated overnight for immunofluorescence. After being washed to remove unbound primary antibodies, cells were incubated with the secondary antibody Dnk pAb to Rb IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488) (ab150074, 1:1000, Abcam, UK), donkey anti-mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor 594) (ab15010B, 1:1000, Abcam, UK), and DAPI (Biosharp, Hefei, China) for 2 h under dark conditions. Images were acquired with a Leica SP8 (Wetzlar, Germany) confocal microscope.
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2

Immunofluorescence Staining of Paraffin Sections

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All tissue samples were fixed and processed into paraffin blocks. After dewaxing, antigen repair (10 mmol/L sodium citrate for 5 min in a pressure cooker) and removing endogenous enzymes in Hydrogen Peroxide Block, the sections were incubated with the primary antibodies anti-GFP (ab13970, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:500) and anti-Perilipin (ab3526, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:200) at 4ºC overnight. Then the samples were incubated in secondary antibody (703-545-155, Jackson ImmunoResearch, USA; ab150074, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:500) for 1-2 h at room temperature in the dark. After rinsing three times in 1X PBS for 5 min each, the slides were counterstained with Hoechst (C1026, Beyotime, China, the dilution ratio was 1:500) to reveal cell nuclei. Finally, fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate specimen.
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3

Quantitative Proinsulin and Insulin Assay

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Corresponding reagents were prepared and placed at room temperature. Sample or standard solution (100 µl) was added in the sample wells or standard wells, respectively. Corresponding antibodies, including proinsulin antibody (1:500; cat. no. ab8304; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and insulin antibody (1:500; cat. no. ab100578; Abcam) were then added for incubation at room temperature for a total of 2 h. Subsequently, horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibodies were added (1:1,000; cat. no. ab150074; Abcam). After incubation for 1 h at room temperature, 100 µl substrate was added, followed by colour reaction in the dark for 10 min. The absorbance at the wavelength of 450 nm was detected by a microplate reader (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA).
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4

Immunofluorescence Analysis of γH2AX in Tissue Sections

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Indicated de-paraffinized tissue sections were used for immunofluorescence staining. Antigen retrieval was performed by incubating them in Retrieval buffer-A (10 mM Tris-Cl pH-9.0, 1 mM EDTA, and 0.05% Tween-20) for 20 min at room temperature (RT), followed by permeabilization with 0.1% saponin for 30 min at RT. These permeabilized sections were then blocked and incubated with the ɤH2AX-antibody (Cell signaling technology #9718) in blocking buffer (10% goat serum in TBS-0.2% Triton-X100) at 4 °C overnight. Fluorochrome conjugated anti-Rabbit (Alexa-555; Abcam Ab150074) antibody was used as the secondary antibody. The negative control staining was performed simultaneously with ɤH2AX staining. Stained sections were then imaged by using a CCD camera connected to an inverted fluorescence microscope (Cell Observer, Carl Zeiss, GmbH, Göttingen, Germany), using an ×63 oil objective. Images were further processed using ImageJ (Fiji).
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5

Paraffin-embedded Immunofluorescence Staining

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All tissue samples were fixed and processed into paraffin blocks. After dewaxing, antigen repair (10 mmol l−1 sodium citrate for 5 min in a pressure cooker) and removing endogenous enzymes in hydrogen peroxide block, the sections were incubated with the primary antibodies anti-GFP (ab13970, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:500) and anti-Perilipin (ab3526, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:200) at 4 °C overnight. Then the samples were incubated in secondary antibody (703–545–155, Jackson ImmunoResearch, USA; ab150074, Abcam, UK, the dilution ratio was 1:500) for 2 h at room temperature in the dark. After rinsing three times in 1× PBS for 5 min each, the slides were counterstained with Hoechst (C1026, Beyotime, China, the dilution ratio was 1:500) to reveal cell nuclei. Finally, fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate specimen.
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6

Immunofluorescent Staining of PTX3 in Paraffin-Embedded Tumor Sections

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Paraffin sections were deparaffinized, rehydrated and antigen retrieval was performed in sodium citrate. The immunofluorescent staining protocol was identical to the one used for spheroids. Tumor slides were incubated with a polyclonal anti-PTX3 (#HPA069320 Atlas Antibodies Ozyme, St Quentin, France) and then with an Alexafluor 555-labelled donkey anti-rabbit (#ab150074 Abcam). Cell nuclei were counterstained with 1 μg/mL DAPI (Sigma Aldrich). Slides were visualized using a Zeiss Axio-Imager Z2 fluorescence microscope at 20× magnification.
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7

Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induction and Analysis

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Rat MOG 35–55 peptide (MEVGWYRSPFSRVVHLYRNGK; >95% purity) was synthesized by Xi’an Biotechnology Co., (Xi’an, China). Heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra was obtained from Difco (USA). Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (USA), and pertussis toxin (PTX) from Alexis (Germany). The following antibodies were used in this study: FITC-anti-mouse CD45 (eBioscience, USA), PE-Cyanine5-anti-mouse CD117 (eBioscience), anti-mouse IL-9 (BE0181; BioXCell, USA), anti-mouse IgG2a isotype control (BE0085; BioXCell), anti-mouse IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) (SC699; Santa Cruz, USA), anti-mouse IL-2Rγ (SC668; Santa Cruz), anti-mouse IgG isotype control (GTX35009; Santa Cruz), and donkey pAb to Rb IgG Alexa Flour 555 (Ab150074; Abcam, USA).
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8

Multimodal Imaging of Liver Fibrosis

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The liver tissues were embedded in OCT and stored at -80°C. OCT-embedded liver tissues were cut into 6μm sections. The sections were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min and then washed with PBS. Next, the sections were incubated in permeabilization solution (0.3% Triton X-100 in PBS) for 15 min and then washed with PBS. Then, the sections were incubated with anti-collagen I (ab34710, Abcam), anti-Ki67 (ab15580, Abcam) or α-SMA (ab7817, Abcam) antibodies. After washing, the sections were incubated with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG (711-545-152, Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs), Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG (ab150074, Abcam) or Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG (715-585-150, Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs). The sections were washed with PBS, counterstained with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (10236276001, Roche) and mounted with a cover glass. The images were captured with a confocal laser microscope setup (LSM980, Zeiss) and processed using ZEN (Zeiss).
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9

Immunofluorescence Analysis of β-catenin, LGR6, and hnRNPK

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Cells were fixed, permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 (Beyotime, Shanghai, China), and blocked with 5% BSA. Primary antibodies specific to β-catenin (dilution 1:200, EM0306, Huabio, Hangzhou, China), LGR6 (dilution 1:200, ab126747, Abcam, Shanghai, China) and HnRNPK (dilution 1:200, SC60-03, Huabio, Hangzhou, China) were then added and incubated overnight at 4 °C. Secondary antibodies labeled with Cy3 (A0521, Beyotime, Shanghai, China) or Alexa Fluor 555 (ab150074, Abcam, Shanghai, China) were used to incubate the samples for 2 h. DAPI (S2110, Solarbio, Beijing, China) and phalloidine (6 μmol/L, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were applied to stain the nuclei and cytoskeleton. Finally, cell samples were observed with CLSM.
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10

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Periostin and Collagen III

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Sections of 5 μm thickness were de-waxed, re-hydrated, and incubated in DIVA antigen retrieval solution (Biocare Medical) at 60°C ON (n = 6 for all groups). Following blocking of unspecific binding using 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA), the sections were incubated at 4°C ON with primary antibodies for anti-periostin (rabbit polyclonal, ab14041, Abcam, Cambridge, MA) and anti-collagen III (mouse monoclonal, ab6310, Abcam) at 1:500 dilutions. The sections were then incubated with Alexa-conjugated secondary antibodies at a 1:200 dilution for 2 h at room temperature (Alexa-488 anti-mouse, ab150113, and Alexa-555 anti-rabbit, ab150074, Abcam). Controls did not use the primary antibody in the protocol. The comparison of antibody staining for periostin contrasted the buccal (injured and /or regenerated bone defect area) versus the lingual (uninjured, non-surgically-treated bone). 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was additionally used to visualize cell nuclei (Prolong Gold Antifade Reagent with DAPI, Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA).
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