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9 protocols using apc conjugated anti cd4

1

Recombinant SOD3 Protein Production and Antibody Development

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Human serum, M-CSF, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM), acutase, and ovalbumin was from Sigma. Heparin (5000 U/ml) was obtained from Leo Pharma, Denmark and complete protease inhibitor tablets was from Roche.
Proteins: Recombinant wild-type SOD3 and SOD3 containing a C-terminal c-Myc tag (SOD3-cMyc) was produced as previously described [42 (link)]. For the generation of the SOD3-cMyc expression plasmid, we used the forward primer (5′-TATACAGCTAGCATGCTGGCGCTACTGTGTTCC-3′) and a reverse primer encompassing the cMyc tag (underlined) (5′-TATGAATTCTCACAGATCCTCTTCTGAGATGAGTTTTTGTTCGGCGGCCTTGCACTCGCTCTC-3′) and cloned the product into the pIRES vector. The sequence of the obtained plasmid was verified by sequencing. mAb 5G8D4 and 7F6D9 anti-human SOD3 (GenScript) and rabbit anti SOD3 antisera (Davids Biotechnologie) were developed using recombinant human SOD3 as antigen and antibodies recovered by using protein G-Sepharose. Recombinant human and murine IFNγ was obtained from Invitrogen. ovalbumin was from Sigma. Human receptor-associated protein (RAP) was obtained from ENZO life sciences (BML-SE552). HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit Ig was from DAKO. Flow cytometric analyses were performed using PE-conjugated anti-CD14 (B&D Biosciences), APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (B&D Biosciences) or APC-conjugated mAb5G8D4 anti-SOD3.
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2

Comprehensive Flow Cytometry Protocol for Immune Cell Phenotyping

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The following monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were obtained from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA): fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-, phycoerythrin (PE)-Cy7- or allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-CD3ε (clone 145-2C11); FITC-, PE-Cy7, or APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (clone RM4–5); PE-conjugated anti-CD103 (clone M290); PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-GITR (clone DTA-1); PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD11b (clone M1/70); APC-conjugated anti-CD25 (clone PC61); PE-conjugated anti-IL10 (clone JES5-16E3); PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD117 (c-kit) (clone 2B8); FITC- or PE-conjugated anti-Foxp3 (clone NRRF-30); PE-conjugated anti-IL17A (clone eBio17B7). The following mAbs from Thermo Fisher Scientific were used: FITC- or APC-conjugated anti-CD19 (clone ID3); FITC- or APC-conjugated anti-Ly-6G (Gr-1) (clone RB6-8C5). FITC- or PE-conjugated anti-IL4 (clone BVD6-24G2); FITC- or APC-conjugated anti-FcεRI (clone MAR-1); PE-conjugated anti-IFNγ (clone XMG1.2). Cells were harvested and washed twice with cold 0.5% BSA-containing PBS (FACS buffer) for staining surface markers. For blocking Fc receptors, the cells were incubated with anti-CD16/CD32 mAbs (clone 2.4G2) on ice for 10 min and subsequently stained with fluorescently labeled mAbs. Flow cytometric data were acquired using a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickson, San Jose, CA, USA) and analyzed using FlowJo software (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, OR, USA).
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3

Profiling Immune Cell Subsets

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Peripheral white blood cells were isolated through hemolysis by adding FACS lysing solution (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). After the precipitates were washed twice by phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), cells were labelled according to our routine method [14 (link)]. Antibodies for PerCP-Cy5.5-conjugated anti-CD3; APC-conjugated anti-CD4; FITC-conjugated anti-CD45RA; PE-conjugated anti-CD25 and anti-Vδ2; PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD28 and anti-NKG2D; BV421-conjugated anti-56, anti-127, anti-CD194, and anti-TCRγδ; BV510-conjugated anti-CD8 and anti-NKP46; Alexa Fluor 647-conjugated anti-CCR7 and anti-CXCR5; Alexa Fluor 484-conjugated anti-CD183, and BB515-conjugated anti-PD-1 were purchased from BD Biosciences.
Samples were run on a BD LSR Fortessa™ cell analyzer (BD Biosciences) at Shuangzhi Purui Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd. (China), and the data were analyzed using FlowJo 10.1 software (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, USA).
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4

Multicolor Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping

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Blood samples were immunostained with the following panel of antibodies: APC-conjugated anti CD3, FITC-conjugated anti CD4, PE-conjugated anti CD69, PECy5-conjugated anti CD8, PE-conjugated anti CD28, PerCP-conjugated anti CD3, FITC-conjugated anti CD16, PE-conjugated anti CD56, PerCP-conjugated anti CD19, FITC-conjugated anti CD25, PE-conjugated anti Foxp3 and APC-conjugated anti CD4 (all reagents from BD Pharmingen, San Diego, USA). Optimal antibody concentrations were previously defined by titration. For intracellular Foxp3 staining, samples were first stained for CD4 and CD25, then fixed and permeabilized with human Foxp3 buffer set (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, USA) according to manufacturer´s protocols. Briefly, cells were washed twice with permeabilization buffer and then incubated with anti-human Foxp3 at room temperature for 30 min in the dark, before being resuspended in PBS and analyzed.
Flow cytometry data was collected on a FACSCalibur flow cytometer equipped with two lasers (Becton–Dickinson, Oxford, UK). For data acquisition and analysis CellQuestPro software (Becton–Dickinson) was used.
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5

Inducing FoxP3+ Tregs from VP2-TCR-Tg Mice

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Splenic CD4+ T cells from the VP2-TCR-Tg mice were cultured with IL-2 (PeproTech, 100U), TGF-β (PeproTech, 20 ng/mL), and 10 nM retinoic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) in the presence of either anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies or VP272-86 peptide for 4 d. CD4+ T cells (100,000 cells/well in 24-flat-well plates) were placed in 1 mL of media. The level of FoxP3+CD4+ T cells was analyzed using flow cytometry after labeling the cells with APC-conjugated anti-CD4 and PE-conjugated anti-FoxP3 antibodies (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA). For the functional analysis of FoxP3+CD4+ T cells, GFP-labeled VP2-TCR-Tg FoxP3+CD4+ T cells from the spleens of FoxP3/GFP-Tg SJL mice crossed to VP2-TCR-Tg SJL mice were used for activation. The activated FoxP3/GFP-Tg VP2-TCR-Tg CD4+ T cells were isolated using MoFlo (Dako Cytomation, Glostrup, Denmark).
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6

Murine T Cell Immunophenotyping

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Peripheral blood of mice was collected on Day 45 after first immunization. Erythrocytes in collected blood were lysed with a 1× RBC lysis buffer (Invitrogen, Cat#00-4333-57). After washing with cold PBS, the cells were incubated with PE-conjugated anti-CD3, APC-conjugated anti-CD4- and PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD8 antibodies (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) at 4 °C for 30 min. The cells were then resuspended in a PBS buffer containing 1% FBS and analyzed with a BD Celesta flow cytometer.
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7

Assessing T Cell Proliferation and Cytokine Production

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A total of 5 × 106 CFSE-labeled CD4+ T cells from DO.11.10 mice were adoptively transferred i.v. After 24 h, mice were immunized s.c. in the footpads. Three days after immunization, the popliteal lymph nodes were extracted and CD4+ T cells were purified by negative selection with Dynabeads® (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA). To assess in vivo T-cell proliferation, CD4+ T cells were stained with PE-conjugated KJ1-26 mAb (against DO.11.10 transgenic TCR) and APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (BD Biosciences, CA, USA). To determine the cytokine production, CD4+ T cells were cocultured at a ratio of 3:1 with splenic DCs purified by positive selection from naïve mice. DCs were used alone or pulsed with 100 μg of OVA. Then, 24 h after stimulation, the supernatants were collected, and the cytokines were quantified using a Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA kit following the manufacturer’s instructions (BD Biosciences, CA, USA). Data were acquired on a FACSCalibur (Becton-Dickinson, NJ, USA) and analyzed using FlowJo 7.5 software (Tree Star, Stanford, CA, USA).
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8

Analysis of Myeloid Cells and T Cells in BALF

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BALF samples were collected by making an incision in the trachea and lavaging the lung twice with 0.8 ml PBS, pH 7.4. Total leukocyte counts were determined using a hemacytometer.
For flow cytometric analysis, BALF cells were incubated with 2.4G2 mAb against FcγRII/III, and stained with PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD11c (BD Biosciences), APC-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD11b (BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated Ly6B (Abcom), PCP-Cy5-conjugated anti-Ly6C (eBiosciences) and PE-Cy7 conjugated anti-Ly6G mAb (BD Biosciences) for myeloid cell analysis. APC-conjugated anti-CD11c, APC-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD11b (BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-MHC II (BD Biosciences) and PCP-Cy5-conjugated anti-F4/80 (eBiosciences) were used for DC analysis. PCP-Cy5-conjugated anti-CD3 (Biolegend), APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (BD Biosciences) and APC-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD8 mAb (BD Biosciences) were used for T cell analysis. Splenocytes and BALF cells were stained with Tetramer Alexa 647-Labeled H-2D(b)/PA224(SSLENFRAYV) and BV421-Labeled H-2D(b)/NP366 (ASNENMETM), using FITC-conjugated anti-CD3 (BD Biosciences), APC-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD4 (BD Biosciences) and PE-conjugated anti-CD8 mAb (BD Biosciences) for cell surface markers. The stained cells were analyzed on a BD FACSCanto or BD LSRII-green using FlowJo and BD FACSDiva software analysis.
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9

Characterizing Immune Cell Phenotypes

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Monocytes were stained using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)conjugated anti-CD45 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA), phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-CD14 (BD Biosciences), peridininÀchloro-phyllÀproteinÀconjugated anti-CD3 (BD Biosciences) and BD Via Probe Cell Viability Solution (7-aminoactinomycin D [7-AAD]; BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA). PMNs were stained using FITC-conjugated anti-CD45, allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated anti-CD10 (BD Biosciences) and BD Via Probe Cell Viability Solution (7-AAD). In vitroÀexpanded T lymphocytes were stained using FITC-conjugated anti-CD45, peridininÀchlorophyllÀproteinÀconjugated anti-CD3, APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD8 (BD Biosciences) and BD Via Probe Cell Viability Solution (7-AAD). To assess TRAIL receptor expression, monocytes, PMNs and T lymphocytes were tested for PE-conjugated anti-DR4 (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA), APC-conjugated anti-DR5 (BioLegend), PE-conjugated anti-DcR1 (BioLegend) and APC-conjugated anti-DcR2 (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Isotype control antibodies were used for all cell types and antigens analyzed. All samples were acquired using the BD FACSAria III (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) flow cytometer and analyzed using the BD FACSDiva software.
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