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Cytotune sendai virus

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The Cytotune Sendai virus is a laboratory tool used for the reprogramming of cells. It contains the necessary factors to induce the expression of genes associated with pluripotency, allowing for the conversion of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells.

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6 protocols using cytotune sendai virus

1

Reprogramming and Differentiation of iPSCORE

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The 139 iPSCORE subjects [86 (link)] included members of 27 families (2–9 members/family), 7 monozygotic twin pairs, and 55 singletons (S1 Table). During recruitment of iPSCORE subjects, subject information (sex, age, family, ethnicity, and cardiac diseases) was collected. Recruitment was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the University of California, San Diego and The Salk Institute (project no. 110776ZF). Skin biopsies were collected for each iPSCORE individual.
As previously described in detail [86 (link)–88 (link)], we reprogrammed skin fibroblast samples from 139 iPSCORE individuals using non-integrative Cytotune Sendai virus (Life Technologies) and the 149 iPSCs (7 subjects had 2 or more clones each) were shown to be pluripotent and to have high genomic integrity with no or low numbers of somatic copy-number variants (CNVs). To generate iPSC-derived cardiovascular progenitors (iPSC-CVPC) we used a small molecule differentiation protocol, which included purification of iPSC-CVPC cultures using lactate [89 (link)], and harvested iPSC-CVPC at day 25 (D25) differentiation [14 (link),85 (link)]. We obtained RNA-seq (150 bp PE) for 180 iPSC-CVPC (30 of the 149 iPSCs were differentiated two or more times). All iPSCORE iPSC-CVPC RNA-seq samples are available through dbGaP (phs000924).
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2

Reprogramming fibroblasts to iPSCs

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As previously described, we reprogrammed fibroblast samples using non-integrative Cytotune Sendai virus (Life Technologies), and the 191 iPSCs (seven subjects had two or more clones each) were shown to be pluripotent and to have high genomic integrity with no or low numbers of somatic copy-number variants (CNVs) (D'Antonio et al., 2018 (link), Panopoulos et al., 2017a (link)).
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3

Generation and Characterization of iPSC Lines

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Generation of the 106 iPSC lines has previously been described in detail39 (link). Briefly, cultures of primary dermal fibroblast cells were generated from a punch biopsy tissue100 (link), infected with the Cytotune Sendai virus (Life Technologies) per manufacturer’s protocol to initiate reprogramming. Emerging iPSC colonies were manually picked after Day 21 and maintained on Matrigel (BD Corning) with mTeSR1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies). Multiple independently established iPSC clones (i.e. referred to as lines) were derived from each individual. Many of the iPSC lines were evaluated by flow cytometry for expression of two pluripotent markers: Tra-1-81 (Alexa Fluor 488 anti-human, Biolegend) and SSEA-4 (PE anti-human, Biolegend)39 (link). Pluripotency was also examined using PluriTest-RNAseq39 (link). This iPSCORE resource was established as part of the Next Generation Consortium of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and is available to researchers through the biorepository at WiCell Research Institute (www.wicell.org; NHLBI Next Gen Collection). For-profit organizations can contact the corresponding author directly to discuss line availability.
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4

Optimization of Human iPSC Culture

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Human iPSC lines used for protocol optimization were SFC840-03-01 (STBCi026-B) [53 (link)], SFC831-03-03 (STBCi024-B) [9 (link)] (both generated in the StemBANCC consortia and deposited at EBiSC), SBNeo1, SBAD3-01 [54 (link)] (all reprogrammed with Life Technologies Cytotune Sendai virus), and Bioneer C10 (H266 C10 GC) (reprogrammed using an episomal system). Experiments were carried out with available cells from ongoing differentiations. The origin of the cells used for the different experiments is indicated in the figure legends. iPSCs were cultured according to Wilgenburg et al. [31 (link)], except the culture dishes (Corning, Somerville, MA, USA) were coated with 12.5 µg/mL rhLaminin-521 (BioLamina, Sundbyberg, Sweden) in PBS containing calcium and magnesium for at least 2 h prior to use. Human iPSCs were seeded and cultured in mTesR1 medium (StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada) at 37 °C with 5% CO2, and the medium was changed daily. Cells were passaged at 90% confluence; when the medium was removed, the cells were washed once with PBS and detached with Accutase for 2 to 5 min at 37 °C. After removal of Accutase by centrifugation, the cells were either used for maintenance or the start of differentiation.
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5

Reprogramming of Human Foreskin Fibroblasts

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Reprogramming of human neonatal foreskin fibroblast cells (strain BJ; ATCC no. CRL2522) was induced by transduction with CytoTune Sendai virus (Life Technologies). All experiments were performed under the supervision of the Vanderbilt Institutional Human Pluripotent Cell Research Oversight (VIHPCRO) Committee. Induced pluripotent stem cells were grown in feeder-free conditions in plates coated with Matrigel (BD Biosciences) and maintained in mTESR1 media (Stem Cell Technologies) at 37°C with 5% CO2. iPSCs were generated in the lab of Vivian Gama, Ph.D. and were passaged 30–35 times prior to staining by mass cytometry. The iPSCs were first characterized by live staining with Tra1–60 or Tra1–81 antibodies that recognize undifferentiated iPSCs. Every 30 passages, iPSCs were characterized by gene expression analysis using the TaqMan hPSC score card panel (Life Technologies) and karyotyping. Cells were checked daily for differentiation and were passaged every 3–4 days using Gentle dissociation solution (Stem Cell Technologies). iPSCs were treated with 0.5% EDTA prior to staining with mass cytometry antibody panel described below. iPSCs used in this study were mycoplasma negative.
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6

Reprogramming and Differentiation of iPSCs

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As previously described in detail 81, (link)84, (link)85 (link) , we reprogrammed fibroblast samples from 139 iPSCORE individuals using nonintegrative Cytotune Sendai virus (Life Technologies) and the 149 iPSCs (7 subjects had 2 or more clones each) were shown to be pluripotent and to have high genomic integrity with no or low numbers of somatic copy-number variants (CNVs). To generate iPSC-derived cardiovascular progenitors (iPSC-CVPC) we used a small molecule differentiation protocol, which included purification of iPSC-CVPC cultures using lactate 86 (link) , and harvested iPSC-CVPC at day 25 (D25) differentiation 18, (link)87 (link) . We obtained RNA-seq (150 bp PE) for all 180 iPSC-CVPC (30 of the 149 iPSCs were differentiated two or more times). For gene expression, we obtained transcript per million bp (TPM) as previously described 18, (link)82 (link) , with one difference: reads were aligned to 62,492 autosomal genes and their corresponding 229,835 isoforms included in Gencode V.34lift37 88 (link) .
All iPSCORE iPSC-CVPC RNA-seq samples are available through dbGaP (phs000924).
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