Genistein

The reference substances of genistin, genistein, daidzin, and daidzein were commercially provided by Chengdu Must Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China) with a purity ≥98% via UV-UHPLC. Their structures were fully elucidated by comparing the spectral data (ESI-MS and ¹H, ¹³C NMR). The kits of total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). In addition, the other reagents and solvents, which met the requirements of analytical experiments, were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Simvastatin was supplied by Merck Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Hangzhou, China). Ultrapure water was derived from Milli-Q Gradient Å 10 water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).

Genistin, genistein, daidzin, daidzein, and puerain were commercially provided by Chengdu Must Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, Sichuan, China). These five reference standards with the purity higher than 98% were applicable to UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap analysis. Acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid (HPLC grade) used in the mobile phase were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). In addition, the other reagents and solvents met the requirements of analytical experiments, which were from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). The ultrapure water was derived from Milli-Q Gradient Å 10 water purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Grace Pure^TM SPE C18-Low solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges (200 mg/3mL, 59 μm, 70 Å) for solid phase pretreatment of biological samples were supplied by Grace Davison Discovery Science™ (Deerfield, IL, USA).

Puerarin with the batch number of 110752-200912 was bought from NICPBP (China). Daidzin (MUST-15031507), daidzein (MUST-1505-1511), genistin (MUST-14110908), and genistein (MUST-15021802) were bought from the Chengdu Must Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). STZ with the batch number of SLBB7526V were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Water used in this study was prepared by ULUP Ultrapure Water System (Ulupure, Chengdu, China). Methanol and acetonitrile with HPLC-grade were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Iowa, USA).