New d8 advance x ray diffractometer

The microstructures of the hybrid structures based on graphene sheets are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and EDS spectra, taken with a Carl Zeiss SUPRA 55VP FE-SEM. For revealing the compositions of the hybrid structures, X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was performed on a Bruker New D8-advance X-ray diffractometer equipped with Ge-monochromatized Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å). For Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (Thermo Scientific Nicolet 670), GO, EDTA-GO and EDTA-rGO were scanned from 500 to 4000 cm⁻¹ in forms of buckypaper. Contact angle of GO, rGO, EDTA-GO and EDTA-rGO layer on PTFE filter was measured with KRÜSS DSA 100 instrument. Conductivity of ion solutions (MgCl₂, NaCl and KCl solutions) before and after filtration for permeation rate was measured with Mettler Toledo SevenCompact^TM conductivity meter. The concentration of positive and negative ions into the solution was measured with Shimdzu JP/ICPS-750 (inductively coupled plasma, ICP) and Dionex ICS-3000(Ion chromatograph, IC), respectively.

Basic blue 7, basic blue 26, ethyl violet, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and lithium bis(oxalato)borate were purchased from TCI. Propylene glycol methyl ether acetate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Methylene chloride, chloroform, and other chemical solvents were purchased from Samchun Pure Chemical. All chemicals were used without any additional purification. Transparent glass substrates were provided by Paul Marienfeld GmbH & Co.KG and acrylic binder was supplied by Alphachem Corporation.
Absorption and transmittance spectra were measured using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 25 UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Chromatic characteristics of the color films were analyzed on a Scinco color spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction patterns were measured using Bruker New D8 Advance X-Ray Diffractometer. 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance 500 spectrometer running at 500 MHz using chloroform-d as a solvent with TMS as an internal standard. Mass spectra were obtained using an LCQ Fleet mass spectrometer with high resolution.