Demographics, medical history, stroke characteristics, and use of antiplatelet, direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), or vitamin K antagonist (VKA; dichotomized into <2 and ≥2 international normalized ratio) were registered. Stroke etiology was determined by the treating neurologist with the TOAST (Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification.14 (link) Evaluation of cardioembolic sources such as echocardiography was performed in case of cryptogenic stroke or suspected cardioembolic source.