The effects of the inhibition of VEGF signaling on cell viability and apoptosis were investigated using a selective inhibitor of VEGFR2 (ZM323881 hydrochloride, Tocris, Bristol, UK) diluted to 1 μM in modified DMEM. Control cells were treated with the same concentration of the VEGFR2 inhibitor diluent alone (DMSO). Cells were treated just before light exposure. Viability and apoptosis were assessed 6 h after the end of light exposure using the ApoLive-Glo Multiplex Assay (Promega) as previously described [45 (link)].
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