Water-binding capacity (WBC) of native and acetylated PPC was determined according to the method described by Jeżowski et al. [71 (link)]. For this, 1 g of powdered sample was weighed in a test tube containing 20 mL of distilled water. It was allowed to mix in a laboratory mixer for 60 s and was allowed to stand for 15 min at ambient temperature. This slurry was centrifuged at 4500× g for 15 min (Rotofix 32A by Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany). The separated solid was oven-dried. WBC was expressed as the amount of water (g) absorbed by 1 g of the preparation.
Oil-absorption capacity (OAC) was determined using the method of Wu et al. [72 (link)]. Briefly, 1 g of protein preparation was weighed in the test tube and mixed with 15 mL of rapeseed oil using a Vortex mixer. Samples were allowed to stand for 30 min. The resulting protein–oil mixture was separated using a centrifuge (4000 g; Rotofix 32A by Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany) for 10 min. Immediately after centrifugation, the supernatant was carefully poured into a 15 mL graduated cylinder, and the volumes were recorded. OAC was expressed as the amount of oil (mL) absorbed by 1 g of the preparation.
Oil-absorption capacity (OAC) was determined using the method of Wu et al. [72 (link)]. Briefly, 1 g of protein preparation was weighed in the test tube and mixed with 15 mL of rapeseed oil using a Vortex mixer. Samples were allowed to stand for 30 min. The resulting protein–oil mixture was separated using a centrifuge (4000 g; Rotofix 32A by Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany) for 10 min. Immediately after centrifugation, the supernatant was carefully poured into a 15 mL graduated cylinder, and the volumes were recorded. OAC was expressed as the amount of oil (mL) absorbed by 1 g of the preparation.
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