Tfr1 cells, the R1 subclone carrying the TOPflash luciferase reporter plasmid, were cultured and differentiated in the same manner as the maternal R1 ES cell line. For cell stimulation, recombinant WNT3A (R&D Systems), WNT3A conditioned media or control conditioned media20 (link), TPA, and CHIR99021 (Sigma-Aldrich) were added 12 h before harvesting. Luciferase assay kit (Promega, USA) was used according to the manufacturer's instructions for the evaluation of luciferase activity. Relative luciferase units were measured on a Chameleon V luminometer (Hidex, Finland) and normalized to the cell mass.
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