Hydrocolloid extraction
was done employing a 32 experimental design to find the
effect of pH and temperature extraction (Table 1). The extraction of hydrocolloids was performed
using the methods described by Ibañez and Ferrero51 (link) and Orgulloso-Bautista et al.52 (link) with some modifications. Initially, the peels were dried
at 25 °C for 72 h and ground. Solid–liquid extraction
was carried out with distillate water (1:10 peel: water ratio) for
4 h at a specific temperature (30, 55, and 80 °C). The pH was
adjusted using acetic acid and NaOH. The mixture was centrifuged for
15 min at 6500 rpm, and the supernatant was recollected. After that,
the viscous solution was mixed with ethanol in a 1:1 ratio in order
to precipitate the hydrocolloid-based extract. The mixture was centrifuged,
and the precipitate was recollected and lyophilized for 48 h.