The TL formulations were diluted in distilled water and used as samples for measurement. The size dispersion of the TL-MPs-Gel was analyzed on a SALD-7100 (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) with the refractive index set at 1.60-0.10i. In addition, the size distribution and number of nanoparticles in the TL-NPs-Gel were measured using a NANOSIGHT LM10 (QuantumDesign Japan, Tokyo, Japan) with the viscosity, wavelength and measurement time set to 1.27 mPa⋅s, 405 nm and 60 s, respectively. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) images were provided by a SPM-9700 (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan) according to previous report [33 (link)].
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