Renal cancer tissue microarrays were purchased from Outdo biotech (Shanghai, China). Immunohistochemical staining was performed as described previously [27 (link)]. Briefly, microarray tissues were dewaxed and incubated MICAL1 (Proteintech, Wuhan, China) and secondary antibody (Maxim Biotechnologies, Fuzhou, China) overnight at 4 °C. Following incubation with HRP-labelled secondary antibody, tissue sections were stained with DAB under microscopic observation and counterstained with hematoxylin. Typical images were captured under Olympus BX51 microscope. By evaluating the percentage of the number of stained cells and the staining intensity of MICAL1, the immunoreactivity score (IRS) was evaluated as described previously [28 (link)–30 (link)]. IRS was calculated as intensity of the staining reaction (0 to 3 points) multiplied by the percentage of positive cells (0 to 4 points).
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