CEC-like cells were transplanted according to our previous method11 (link)
. Briefly, the corneal endothelium was mechanically scraped with a lacrimal passage irrigator (Shandong Weigao) from the Descemet’s membrane to create monkey corneal endothelial dysfunction models. 50 µl aqueous humor was first extracted from the models’ anterior chamber. Then, 4.0 × 105 CEC-like cells suspended in 50 µl culture medium supplemented with 1.6 µg of Y-27632 (Selleck) were injected into the anterior chamber of four monkeys. And 50 µl culture medium supplemented with 1.6 µg of Y-27632 was injected into the anterior chamber of one monkey. Four monkeys that had cells injected were the experimental group and the other one monkey that had no cells injected was the control group. Peribulbar and subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone and dexamethasone were given after surgery. The eyes of all monkeys were kept in a face-down position for 6 hours under general anesthesia. 0.3% Tobramycin and 0.1% Dexamethasone were given topically 3–4 times a day. The corneas were examined by a slit-lamp microscope (Topcon), Visante OCT (Carl Zeiss), non-contact specular microscopy (Topcon), tenonometer (Suzhou liuliu), gonioscope (Volk), B-ultrasonography (Suoer), and fundus camera (Carl Zeiss) at certain times. The contralateral normal eyes of the monkeys were observed as the normal group.