Analytical Workflow for Bulk Shale Characterization
The bulk shales were crushed into powder in a rotary mill. The homogenized powdered samples were extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus with a mixture of dichloromethane-methanol (9:1 v/v) for 72 h. Then, the extracts were fractionated using two-phase silica gel column liquid chromatography. Total hydrocarbons were separated from polar compounds by eluting the extractable organic matter (EOM) with n-hexane/dichloromethane (4:1 v/v). Then, the total hydrocarbons were separated into aliphatic hydrocarbons, which were collected by eluting with n-hexane, and aromatic hydrocarbons, which were collected by eluting with n-hexane/dichloromethane (4:1 v/v).
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Xu H., Liu Q., Li Z., Hou D., Han X., Li P., Li P, & Zhu B. (2023). Shift in the Mode of Carbon Cycling Recorded by Biomarkers and Carbon Isotopic Compositions in the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin: Autotrophy vs Heterotrophy. ACS Omega, 8(6), 5820-5835.
Crushing the bulk shales into powder in a rotary mill
Extracting the homogenized powdered samples using a Soxhlet apparatus with a mixture of dichloromethane-methanol (9:1 v/v) for 72 h
Fractionating the extracts using two-phase silica gel column liquid chromatography
Separating total hydrocarbons from polar compounds by eluting the extractable organic matter (EOM) with n-hexane/dichloromethane (4:1 v/v)
Separating aliphatic hydrocarbons by eluting with n-hexane and aromatic hydrocarbons by eluting with n-hexane/dichloromethane (4:1 v/v)
dependent variables
Yields and compositions of the extracted and fractionated compounds
control variables
Not explicitly mentioned
controls
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