Western blotting was performed as described previously [20 (link),21 (link)]. The following antibodies were used in this study: anti-SMAD4 (sc-7154 or sc-7966), anti-E-cadherin (sc-8426), anti-vimentin (sc-7557), anti-CD133 (sc-8304), anti-CD44 (sc-18849), anti-Sp1(sc-14027), anti-c-Jun (sc-1694), anti-Fos (sc-52), anti-Fast-1 (sc-377358), anti-Hes1 (sc-25392), anti-GAPDH (sc-32233; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), anti-p-Akt (#4060), anti-Akt (#4691), anti-p-p44/42 (#9101),anti-p44/42 (#4695), anti-Pten (#9272), anti-NF-κB (#4764S), anti- EGFR (#4267), anti-p-EGFR tyr 992 (#2235), anti-p-EGFR tyr 1068 (#3777), anti-Smad2/3 (#5339), anti-p-Smad2/3 (#3101), anti-p-c-Jun (#2361; Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.), anti-Nestin (N5413), mouse anti-β-actin (Sigma- Aldrich Co.), anti-CD133/1 (AC133, Miltenyi Biotec.) and anti-TGF-β1 (ab9758, Abcam, Plc.).
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