Cell Viability Assay Protocol

Cell viability was assessed by using the CellTilter 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were seeded at a density of 1 × 10⁴ cells/well into 96-well plates. After their subjection to different treatments, the cells were incubated with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H–tetrazolium, inner salt (MTS) solution at a final concentration of 0.4 mg/ml for 4 h at 37 °C. One Solution Reagent was then added directly to the culture wells, and the plates were incubated for 4 h, following which the absorbance at 490 nm was recorded with a 96-well plate reader [17 (link), 18 (link)]. The absorbance was measured at 490 nm with a Multiskan GO microplate spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific).