Transwell assay was performed as mentioned previously to analyze cell migration and invasion ability [43 (link)]. Transfected cells were seeded into Transwell upper-chamber with serum-free medium, while medium containing 10% FBS was placed into lower chamber (Corning). For Transwell invasion assay, the chamber should be precoated with a thin-layer Matrigel (BD Biosciences) before cells were seeded. Consequently, the upper cells of chambers were removed using a cotton buds, and the bottom surface cells of chambers were fixed, stained and photographed.
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