For a pathway, immune signature, or biological process, we quantified its enrichment level in a tumor sample as the single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) (52 (link)) score of its marker genes. The marker gene sets representing different immune signatures were from several publications, including CD8+ T cells (36 (link)), CD4+ regulatory T cells (36 (link)), pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines (36 (link)), and M1/M2 macrophages immune cytolytic activity (36 (link)), and proliferation signature score (53 (link)). These gene sets are listed in Supplementary Table S4.
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