Cells were treated under the indicated conditions, and whole-cell lysates were obtained using radioimmunoprecipitation buffer. The lysates were then subjected to Western blot analysis as reported previously6 (link). The primary antibodies used were anti-cyclin D1, anti-cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), anti-glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), anti-ubiquitinated protein, and anti-histone deacetylases (HDACs) 1, 3, and 6 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); anti-ER-resident protein 44 (ERP44), anti-endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1-like protein (Ero1L), anti-S6 ribosomal protein, and anti-phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA); anti-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK; Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA); anti-acetylated histone (Abcam, Cambridge, UK); and anti-actin (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).