D-lactic acid (D-LA) was determined by visible spectrophotometric method with kit provided by Shanghai Haling Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was measured by the xanthine oxidase method. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), diamine oxidase (DAO), and lysozyme (LZM) were assayed by p-nitrophenyl phosphate method, visible spectrophotometric method, spectrophotometric method, and turbidimetric method, respectively. The corresponding kits were provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).
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