Upon receipt, human islets and human ductal aggregates isolated from nondiabetic donors (n = 4) were cultured overnight in Miami Media 1A (Cellgro). Hand-picked and size-matched islets (1000 IEQ) were transplanted together with 100 human ductal aggregates (cluster of ductal cells) under the kidney capsule of both NSG-Lox and NSG-LIRKO mice as described previously (56 (link), 57 (link)). After allowing 10 days after transplantation for islet engraftment, mice were either maintained in a nonpregnant state or allowed to breed to become pregnant. Human islet and duct grafts were removed on pregnancy day 15.5 and snap-frozen for further analysis.
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