We used the Wistar–Imamichi strain DMD rat model (DMD rat model: XDmdY) carrying mutations in exons 3 and 16 of the Dmd gene (Nakamura et al., 2014 (link)). Immunodeficient F344/NJcl.Cg-Foxn1rnu rats (nude rat: Foxn1rnu/rnu) were purchased (CLEA Japan, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Immunodeficient DMD rats were established by crossing a Foxn1rnu/rnu male rat with an XDmdX female rat. XDmd was identified by genotyping the litter population (Nakamura et al., 2014 (link)). The following rat genotypes were used in this study: XDmdY Foxn1rnu/rnu (DMD nude rats), XX Foxn1rnu/rnu or XY Foxn1rnu/rnu rats (WT nude rats) and XDmdY Foxn1rnu/+(immunocompetent DMD rat model).
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