The 16HBE14o- cell line was maintained in minimum essential medium (MEM) supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum, 1 % penicillin/streptomycin, and 1 % glutamine (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and cultured as described previously [47 (link)]. In some experiments, MEM with no phenol red (Invitrogen) was applied. Primary HBE cells were obtained from ScienCell Research Laboratories (Carlsbad, USA) and cultured using Bronchial Epithelial Cell Medium (ScienCell Research Laboratories) following the commercial protocol described previously [20 (link)].
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