using a FEI Tecnai G2 20 instrument operating at an accelerating voltage
of 200 kV and connected to a Gatan 1k CCD camera. Samples for TEM
observation were prepared by depositing 2 μL of diluted samples
(approximately 0.1% w/w) onto 400 mesh carbon-coated copper grids.
For PEGVP latexes and polymer/GO nanocomposite particles, the samples
were dried overnight at ambient temperature. For TEM studies of the
Vx-By nanoparticles, the grids were dried for
30 min at ambient temperature and then carefully blotted with filter
paper to remove excess solution. The samples were stained in a vapor
space above ruthenium tetroxide (RuO4) solution for 7 min
at ambient temperature.40 (link) The mean nanoparticle
diameters were determined using ImageJ software, and over 200 randomly
selected particles were measured for each sample.