qPCR analyses were conducted as described previously (74 (link)). Briefly, total cellular RNA isolated using the ISOLATE II RNA Mini Kit was subject to reverse transcription using qScript cDNA Supermix (Quantabio). Reactions (20 μL) were prepared on ice using SensiFAST SYBR Hi-ROX Kit (Bioline) reagents in combination with the primers listed in SI Appendix, Table S6, and cycling was performed for 40 cycles at 95 °C (15 s) and at 60 °C (1 min). The 2−ΔΔCT method was used to calculate the relative gene expression levels in comparison to the β-actin housekeeping control.