For qRT-PCR, total RNA (500 ng) was transcribed into cDNA using qScript™ cDNA Synthesis Kit (Quanta Biosciences, Gaithersburg, MD). Real-time RT-PCR reactions were performed using qScript™ One-Step SYBR® Green qRT-PCR kit (Quanta Biosciences, Gaithersburg, MD) and the following TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene-specific primers: TMPRSS2-ERG RT forward, 5’-CAGGAGGCGGAGGCGGA-3’; TMPRSS2-ERG RT reverse, 5’-GGCGTTGTAGCTGGGGGTGAG-3’ and human GAPDH forward, 5’-GAGTCAACGGATTTGGTCGT-3’, and reverse, 5’-TTGATTTTGGAGGGATCTCG-3’ were used (25 (link)). qRT-PCR reactions were run on an ABI Prism 7000 Sequence Detection System (Thermoscientific, Grand Island, NY). Data were analyzed using the ΔΔCt method (26 (link)), where target gene expression is normalized to the housekeeping gene by taking the difference between Ct values for target gene and housekeeping gene (ΔCt). This value was then compared to that of the normalized control sample (ΔΔCt). The fold change was then determined by the formula: 2−ΔΔCt.