For a subset of Cross-Center samples (Penn, n = 101 and OSU, n = 111), LTL was also measured using the quantitative PCR method developed by Cawthon, modified for compatibility with the Applied Biosystems 7900 HT instrument [30 (link)](S2 Protocol). Assays were carried out in triplicate, and center samples were batch analyzed to minimize inter-assay variation. The T/S ratios of each experimental sample relative to the reference sample were generated using the comparative CT (cycle threshold) method[30 (link)]. T/S ratios and LTL kb were compared for quality control comparisons.
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