Analytical-grade acetonitrile, methanol, and water were procured from J.T. Baker Inc. (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA), while trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Forty-six marker compounds, including chlorogenic acid (1 ), caffeic acid (2 ), prim-O-glucosyl-cimifugin (3 ), cimifugin (4 ), nodakenin (5 ), umbelliferone (6 ), ferulic acid (7 ), benzoic acid (8 ), senkyunolide I (9 ), xanthotoxol (10 ), senkyunolide H (11 ), marmesin (12 ), sec-O-glucosyl-hamaudol (13 ), oxypeucedanin hydrate (14 ), decursinol (15 ), bergaptol (16 ), byakangelicin (17 ), psoralen (18 ), angelol B (19 ), angelol H (20 ), angelicin (21 ), xanthotoxin (22 ), angelol A (23 ), angelol G (24 ), bergapten (25 ), ostenol (26 ), bisabolangelone (27 ), byakangelicol (28 ), oxypeucedanin (29 ), columbianetin acetate (30 ), coniferyl ferulate (31 ), senkyunolide A (32 ), 3-n-butyl-phthalide (33 ), imperatorin (34 ), ligustilide (35 ), phellopterin (36 ), osthol (37 ), decursin (38 ), decursinol angelate (39 ), isoimperatorin (40 ), suberosin (41 ), columbianadin (42 ), falcarindiol (43 ), praeruptorin B (44 ), levistilide A (45 ), and praeruptorin C (46 ), were acquired from ChemFace (Wuhan, China). The chemical structures of these marker compounds are depicted in Figure S5 .
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