Western blotting was used to detect expression levels of proteins as described previously
[18 (link),23 (link)]. We used antibodies against AQP3 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), vimentin, E-cadherin, Snail, AKT, phospho-AKT(Ser473) (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA), fibronectin (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Henan, China). Densitometric analysis of proteins was conducted and normalized against GAPDH. The PI3 kinase inhibitor LY294002, was obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA).
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