An RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed as reported previously [8 (link),10 (link)]. mRNA and protein samples were prepared 48 h after seeding, adenovirus transduction, or irradiation. The primers used for the RT-qPCR are summarized in Table S1. β-Actin was used as an internal control for calculating the relative mRNA expression levels. Antibodies against 75-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP75; sc-133137), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 (sc-514302), GABARAP (sc-377300), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; sc-365062), parkin (sc-32282), PINK1 (sc-518052), SOD1 (sc-101523), and SOD2 (sc-133134) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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