Urine Sample Processing and Bacterial Identification

The processing of urine samples arriving at the Department of Medical Microbiology during the study period was carried out based on the relevant guidelines published by the Hungarian Ministry of Health [35 ]. Identification of isolates was carried out via classical biochemical tests, the VITEK 2 ID/AST (bioMérieux, Marcy-l’Étoile, France), and after 2012, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) using a MicroFlex MALDI Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany) [36 (link)]. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Gram-negative bacteria and the interpretation of the results was performed based on the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) at the time of isolation, taking into account the intrinsic resistance mechanisms of isolated bacteria [37 ]. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) in Enterobacterales species was inferred from resistance against ceftriaxone and/or ceftazidime [38 ]. Intermediate results (I) for antibiotics other than 3GCs were grouped with and reported as resistant (R) [36 (link)].

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Gajdács M., Bátori Z, & Burián K. (2021). Interplay between Phenotypic Resistance to Relevant Antibiotics in Gram-Negative Urinary Pathogens: A Data-Driven Analysis of 10 Years’ Worth of Antibiogram Data. Life, 11(10), 1059.

Publication 2021

VITEK 2 ID/AST MicroFlex MALDI Biotyper

Antibiotics Antimicrobial Bacteria Ceftazidime Ceftriaxone European Gram negative bacteria Maldi Susceptibility Urine

Corresponding Organization : University of Szeged

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Variable analysis

independent variables

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dependent variables

Identification of isolates via classical biochemical tests, VITEK 2 ID/AST, and MALDI-TOF MS
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Gram-negative bacteria and interpretation of results based on EUCAST recommendations

control variables

None explicitly mentioned

controls

No specific positive or negative controls were mentioned in the provided text.

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