Serum concentration of sNfL was measured using an in house single molecule array (Simoa) method on an HD-1 analyzer (Quanterix, Lexington, MA), as previously described in detail by Gisslen [22 (link), 23 (link)]. Serum concentrations of tau and GFAp were measured using commercially available Simoa assays (Quanterix, Lexington, MA). All samples were measured as duplicates. The mean coefficient of variation of duplicate concentrations was 4.3%. In addition, a quality control sample was measured in duplicate on each of the seven runs used to complete the study. The intra-assay coefficient of variation for this sample was < 10%. All measurements were performed by board-certified laboratory technicians. The laboratorial analysis was conducted in a blinded fashion, as the assays were done without knowledge of the patient’s identity or diagnosis. Only one round of experiments was performed, using one batch of reagents.