We performed the experiment protocol described below, referring to a previous report.14 (link) Total RNA from cultured cells was extracted using an RNA Blood Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and was reverse-transcribed into first-strand cDNA (cDNA) using a QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit (Qiagen). Quantitative PCR was performed using a Step One Plus (Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Primers and probes were selected from the ABI TaqMan Gene Expression Assay catalog (for human targets: CXCL9, Hs00171065_m1; CXCL10, Hs01124251_g1; CXCL11, Hs04187682_g1; IFNγ, Hs00989291_m1; TNFα, Hs01113624_g1; CCL3, Hs00234142_m1; CCL4, Hs00237011_m1; CCL5, Hs00174575_m1; TRAIL, Hs00921974_m1; and IL-13, Hs00174379_m1; for mouse targets: CXCL9, Mm00434946_m1; CXCL10, Mm00445235_m1; CXCL11, and Mm00444662_m1). Expression of each gene was normalized to that of GAPDH. Fold change was determined by the ΔΔCt method. Each experiment was performed in triplicate.