Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Immune Profiling

The study population comprised 14 healthy individuals and 38 SLE subjects divided into the following groups: 27 inactive lupus (SLEDAI ≤6), 11 with active disease (SLEDAI >6) were recruited from the department of Immunology and Rheumatology of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán. All SLE patients fulfilled ACR/SLICC 2012 classification criteria (28 (link)), and disease activity was addressed by the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). We excluded subjects with ongoing acute or chronic infections (i.e., HIV or viral hepatitis), pregnancy, and patients with a diagnosis of other concomitant autoimmune diseases except for antiphospholipid (aPL) syndrome. None of the study participants received any B cell-depleting or other biological therapies. This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics and Research Committees of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán (Ref. 2306). The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate prior to inclusion in the study. Demographic and Clinical characteristics of the study population are depicted in Table 1.