Assessing Symptoms with PROMIS-57

The PROMIS-57 was used to assess symptoms in this study. The scale consists of 57 items clustered into seven domains: anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain interference and intensity, physical function, and ability to participate in social roles and activities [12 (link)]. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert scale, except for pain intensity with one item, which was scored between 0 and 10 (least to most severe) [13 (link)]. Raw scores varied from 8 to 40 in each domain and were derived as per the PROMIS scoring manual into T-scores with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation (SD) of 10. Higher scores indicated a higher level of functioning or greater symptom severity. An acceptable internal consistency for the scale was found in this sample (α ranged from 0.87 to 0.97).