The growth and maintenance of E2 responsive and ERα-synthesizing MCF7 and T47D cells were described previously4 (link),64 (link). In all experiments, media were changed every third day when appropriate.
Restriction and DNA modifying enzymes were obtained from New England Bio-Labs (Beverly, MA, USA) or Thermo-Fischer Sci. (Waltham, MA, USA). 17β-estradiol (E2) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The complete antagonist of estrogen receptor, Imperial Chemical Industries 182780, (ICI) was obtained from Tocris Biosciences (Ellisville, IL, USA). The antibody for Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1; 9542) was obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). The antibodies for CXXC5 (ab106533) and for HDAC1 (ab19845) were purchased from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, MA, USA). Secondary antibodies conjugated with horseradish peroxidase were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotech (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). siRNAs (FlexiTube siRNA) for CXXC5 were purchased from Qiagen Inc. (Düsseldorf, Germany). Camptothecin (13637) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology.
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