Surface staining for flow cytometry analysis was performed with the following fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies (Abs): CD3 Pacific blue (clone UCHT1), CD4 Alexa700 (clone RPA-T4; BD Biosciences), and CD45RA APC-eFluor 780 (clone HI100; eBioscience). Intracellular staining was performed with FITC-conjugated HIV-p24 Abs (clone KC57; Beckman Coulter) and the Fixation/Permeabilization Kit (BD). The LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit (Invitrogen) was used to exclude dead cells. Flow-cytometry analysis was performed using a LSRII cytometer, Diva version 8 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, United States), and FlowJo version 10.0.6 (Tree Star, Inc.). Flow cytometry gates were defined using the fluorescence minus one (FMO) strategy (Roederer, 2002 (link); Gosselin et al., 2010 (link)).
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