We conducted a retrospective multicentre observational study reviewing all consecutive patients with pT1c pN0 NSCLC who underwent a planned complete (R0) VATS segmentectomy (VS) or VATS lobectomy (VL) with lymphadenectomy between January 2014 and October 2021. Patients were treated by 1 of the 5 board-certified thoracic surgeons in 4 different centres across Switzerland. All surgeons had a large experience in VATS anatomical resections. The study population included patients aged over 18 years who underwent VS or VL with mediastinal lymphadenectomy for pT1c pN0 NSCLC (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma) only. Eligible patients had to have no history of ipsilateral thoracotomy, no previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy. All patients received contrast-enhanced thoracic CT and a fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography CT within 30 days prior to the surgery. All tumours had a consolidation-to-tumour ratio of 0.5 or more. Exclusion criteria encompassed all other types of anatomical or extra-anatomical lung resections (wedge, bilobectomy, sleeve lobectomy, pneumonectomy), middle lobectomy, open procedures, synchronous tumour, histology different than previously cited (carcinoid tumour, small-cell lung carcinoma, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma), an 8th edition TNM stage different than pT1c pN0 R0, pleural invasion, multiple lesions, nodal involvement or incomplete resections. Two groups were defined according to the extension of the resection: VL or VS.
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