Electrolyte, Antioxidant and Chlorophyll Assay

The relative electrolyte conductivity (REC) and proline content were determined according to the method of Geng et al. (2019) (link). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined in the samples using plant MDA assay kit and total SOD assay kit (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, Nanjing, China), respectively, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Chlorophyll content was determined following the method described by Brini et al. (2009) (link). Statistical calculations were performed using SPSS 17.0, and Duncan’s test was used for significance analysis (P < 0.05, significant; P < 0.01, highly significant).