HCC Cell Culture and Drug Treatments

MHCC97-H cells were purchased from Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China), a Chinese government organization containing typical biological samples, and cultured in DMEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with 10% fetal bovine serum (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 5% CO₂, 37°C condition.11 (link),12 (link) Five lines of patient-derived HCC cell lines were a gift from Dr Fan Feng in Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine, The 302nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China. The collection of patient-derived HCC cell lines was with the approval for experiments from No 302nd hospital, Chinese PLA. sorafenib (Cat No S7397) and TCS (Cat No S4541) were purchased from Selleck Corporation (Houston, TX, USA). TCS and sorafenib were dissolved separately in DMSO (Sigma Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) and diluted by DMEM or other solution. Final concentration of DMSO in cell culture experiments was <1‰.