Human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) and human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293T) were cultured in Dulbecco′s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) or Dulbecco′s modified medium nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F-12) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (pen/strep) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. NDV virulent strain DHN3 (GenBank: MT447874) was isolated and characterized as previously described (25 (link)). Virus titers were determined in DF-1 cells by tissue culture infective dose (TCID50), and viral infection was carried out at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) indicated in each experiment.
Rabbit anti-NDV HN polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) were prepared and stored in our laboratory. Rabbit anti-GRP78 pAbs (Proteintech, #11587-1-AP), mouse anti-β-actin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (Proteintech, #66009-1-lg), mouse anti-Flag mAbs (Sigma, #F3165), mouse anti-HA mAbs (Abmart, #M20003H), rabbit anti-GAPDH mAbs (Abcam, #ab181602), mouse IgG binding protein conjugated to HRP mAbs (Abmart, #M21001) and rabbit IgG binding protein conjugated to HRP mAbs (Abmart, #M21003) were purchased from the respective companies.
Rabbit anti-NDV HN polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) were prepared and stored in our laboratory. Rabbit anti-GRP78 pAbs (Proteintech, #11587-1-AP), mouse anti-β-actin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (Proteintech, #66009-1-lg), mouse anti-Flag mAbs (Sigma, #F3165), mouse anti-HA mAbs (Abmart, #M20003H), rabbit anti-GAPDH mAbs (Abcam, #ab181602), mouse IgG binding protein conjugated to HRP mAbs (Abmart, #M21001) and rabbit IgG binding protein conjugated to HRP mAbs (Abmart, #M21003) were purchased from the respective companies.
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